ARAB BARAT
TIMELINE
Masa Kemunduran Masa Kebangkitan Masa Modern
Penjajahan Arab oleh Eropa Masuknya pengaruh budaya Eropa mengadopsi kebudayaan Eropa
1.William Shepard (1980) The dilemma of a liberal some political implications in the writings of the Egyptian
scholar, Ahmad Amin (1886–1954), Middle Eastern Studies, 16:2, 84-97, DOI: 10.1080/00263208008700436
2.(in German) Baber Johansen: Muhammad Husain Haikal. Europa und der Orient im Weltbild eines ägytischen
Liberalen. (Series: Beiruter Texte und Studien, BTS, 5) Ergon, Würzburg and al-Furat, Beirut 1967
3.Toni Praniska (2019) Kejayaan Islam dan Kontribusi Para Muslim Difabel: Sebuah Pendekatan Historis,
oai:ojs.ejournal.uinib.ac.id/jurnal:article/366
4.Arslān, Shakīb, Amīr | International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1) (1914-1918-online.net)
6.Khemiri, T., & Kampffmeyer, G. (1930). Leaders in Contemporary Arabic Literature: A Book of Reference. Die Welt
Des Islams, 9(2/4), 1–41. https://doi.org/10.2307/1569007
7. https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Amin
8. http://ibnuhadyallhokseumawey.blogspot.com/2016/11/prosa-sastra-arab-struktur-dan.html?m=1