PSIKOLOGI PELAYANAN KESEHATAN

HUBUNGAN BODY IMAGE, ASOSIASI EMOSIONAL, DAN POLA

KONSUMSI DENGAN STATUS ANEMIA PRAMUGARI
PRODI S1 ILMU GIZI
FAKULTAS KEPERAWATAN DAN KEBIDANAN
UNIVERSITAS MEGAREZKY MAKASSAR
 KELOMPOK II

• ELDRIAN MAIKEL MOSIPATE (A1D120014)

• RENSY LITA LYANA DIPE (A1D120010)
• RAHMIANI ENDANG ASTUTI (A1D120003)
• MUTIA ROCHMA (A1D120008)
• DEWI PRASHINTA (A1D120009)
• ANNISA AULIA (A1D120017)
• SRI FIRAWATI (A1D120019)
Pramugari merupakan salah satu profesi yang sangat memperhatikan bentuk
tubuh dan pola makannya. Pramugari membutuhkan gizi yang cukup untuk
menjalankan aktifitasnya. Beberapa gizi yang dibutuhkan adalah zat besi, asam
folat dan vitamin B12 agar dapat terhindar dari anemia. Konsumsi makanan
tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal salah satunya adalah ada tidaknya
pengaruh emosi dalam pemilihan makanan.
 ANEMIA

Anemia merupakan suatu kondisi jumlah sel darah atau kapasitas oksigen tidak cukup memenuhi kebutuhan fisiologis (WHO,
2011). Menurut Khaidir (2007) anemia merupakan masalah gizi di seluruh negara maju dan berkembang. Prevalensi anemia di
Indonesia paling tinggi dialami oleh wanita yakni 23,9% (Balitbangkes, 2013). Salah satu penyebab terjadinya anemia adalah
rendahnya konsumsi makanan yang mengandung zat besi, asam folat, vitamin B12 dan vitamin A (WHO, 2011).
 POLA KOSUMSI DAN ASOSIASI
EMOSIONAL

Pola konsumsi dalam keseharian dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan makan individu. Kebiasaan makan merupakan cara
individu dan kelompok dalam memilih, mengonsumsi, dan menggunakan makanan yang tersedia dengan didasarkan
kepada faktorfaktor dimana mereka hidup (Arisman, 2004).

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kebiasaan makan seseorang adalah faktor intrinsik. Faktor intrinsik merupakan
faktor yang berasal dari dalam diri manusia. Faktor intrinsik kebiasaan makan seseorang meliputi asosiasi emosional,
keadaan jasmani, dan penilaian yang lebih terhadap makanan

Asosiasi emosional merupakan pengaruh perasaan dalam pemilihan makanan (Dovey, 2010). Salah satu contohnya
adalah keadaan sedih yang dialami seseorang akan mengurangi nafsu makannya hingga perasaan itu berakhir.
 BODY IMAGE

Body image lebih mempengaruhi kebiasaan makan dari pada kesehatan psikologis. Persepsi terhadap bentuk tubuh mereka sendiri
dan memikirkan tanggapan orang lain tentang tubuh mereka merupakan pengertian dari body image (NEDC, 2016).
Menurut Brennan, et al. (2010) ketidakpuasan terhadap bentuk tubuh lebih banyak dialami oleh wanita dibandingkan dengan pria.
Body image akan memicu wanita untuk memperbaiki penampilan mereka. Semakin positif body image yang dimiliki wanita maka
perilaku untuk memperbaiki penampilan mereka semakin rendah (Husna, 2013).
Memperbaiki penampilan yang biasa dilakukan wanita adalah melakukan aktifitas lebih, mengubah asupan makan, berolahraga,
meminum suplemen penurun atau penaik berat badan, dan lain sebagainya. Salah satu keadaan yang menyebabkan seseorang
mencapai body image yang diinginkan adalah profesi.
Pramugari merupakan salah satu profesi yang juga memperhatikan penampilan fisik. Menurut Patricia
(2014) seorang pramugari merupakan front liner dan brand image dari suatu maskapai. Oleh karena itu
pramugari dituntut untuk menjaga penampilan, attitude, dan bertutur kata yang baik kepada siapa saja
terutama pelanggan. Profesi sebagai pramugari dapat mengubah cara pandang mereka terhadap
penampilan fisik mereka. Penampilan fi sik yang harus dimiliki oleh pramugari adalah postur tubuh yang
proporsional dan berat badan ideal (Putri, 2014).
ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan body image, asosiasi emosional, dan
pola konsumsi dengan status anemia yang dialami oleh pramugari di salah
satu maskapai yang ada di Indonesia. Pola konsumsi yang diteliti
merupakan konsumsi sumber makanan zat besi, asam folat, vitamin B12
dan sumber makanan inhibitor yakni tanin (kopi dan teh)
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