PERKENALAN
PENYAKIT AWAM
Heartburn
Disfagia –
Dapat mengindikasikan GERD
Regurgitasi
21
– Non farmakologik
• modifikasi BB berlebih
• elevasi kepala 15-20 cm saat tidur
• stop merokok, konsumsi alkohol, makanan/obat yang merangsang asam
lambung
• tidak boleh terlalu kenyang
• makan malam paling lambat 3 jam sebelum tidur
FARMAKOLOGIK
DIARRHEA /
FOOD
POISONING
introduction • Food poisoning is a common infectious condition that
affects millions of people in the United States each
year.
• Most commonly, people complain of
– vomiting,
– diarrhea, and
– cramping abdominal pain.
Causes of diarrhea
Symptoms • Food poisoning symptoms may range from
mild to severe and may
differ depending on the germ you swallowed.
• The most common symptoms of food
poisoning are:
– Upset stomach
– Stomach cramps
– Nausea
– Vomiting
– Diarrhea
– Fever
When to See a Doctor for
Food Poisoning
• Blood in stools
• High fever (temperature over 38.8oC, measured orally)
• Frequent vomiting that prevents keeping liquids down (which can lead to dehydration)
• Signs of dehydration, including a marked decrease in urination, a very dry mouth and
throat, or feeling dizzy when standing up.
• Diarrhea that lasts more than 3 days
Diagnosis
• Most times, the diagnosis of food poisoning is made by history and physical examination
• Travel history may be helpful to see if the patient had been camping near a stream or lake and the
potential for drinking contaminated water
• Clinical signs of dehydration include dry, tenting skin, sunken eyes, dry mouth
• Routine blood tests are not usually ordered unless there is concern about something more than the
vomiting and diarrhea
– Electrolytes in severe diarrheas
• Stool samples may be useful especially if there is concern about infections caused by Salmonella,
Shigella, and Campylobacter
Treatment • Main Treatment : Rehydration
• Symptomatic :
– Antidiarrheal medications, including antimotility
agents(not recommended in Children), anticholinergics,
and adsorbents
– Loperamide and bismuth subsalicylate is effective and
may be considered in adults with uncomplicated acute or
traveler’s diarrhea
– Diatab (2 tab setiap BAB cair , max 12 tab/hari)
– Loperamide NOT allowed in hematoschezia
– Anti Emetics in Vomiting cases
• Empiric Antibiotics
• Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Traveler's diarrhea
Take Home 1. Protect yourselves first!
2. Treat all body fluids as potentially infectious
Messages 3. Don’t be a Hero Learn to be a hero first
4. Be Humble
5. Every Scenario is important to learn
6. Learn from Books / Journals not Personal
opinions
7. Don’t give up