PRODUKSI
Dosen: Erlina Pakki
FIXED IN SR VARIABLE IN SR
_
Q= f ( K, L) untuk dua input, di mana K adalah Tetap
FIXED IN SR VARIABLE IN SR
L Q MP AP Marginal Product
0 0 --- ---
1 20 20 20 Average
2 46 26 23 Product
3 70 24 23.33
4 92 22 23
5 110 18 22
A SHORT
point of
RUN LAW
diminishing
returns
Variable input
erlina pakki – S1 – FEUH - 2011 Slide 16
Tiga Tahapan Produksi
Stage 2
Total Output
• Tahap 1:average
product (AP) naik.
• Tahap 2: average Stage 1
product (AP) menurun
(tapi marginal product
positif).
Stage 3
• Tahap 3:marginal
product (MP) negatif,
atau total product (TP)
L
menurun.
Gambar 1
erlina pakki – S1 – FEUH - 2011 Slide 17
Optimal Use of the Variable Input
• HIRE, IF GET MORE
REVENUE THAN COST MRP L MP L • P Q = W
• HIRE if
TR/L > TC/L
wage
• HIRE if the marginal
revenue product >
marginal factor cost:
MRP L > MFC L
W • W MFC
• AT OPTIMUM,
MRP L = W MFC MRPL
MPL
L
optimal labor
erlina pakki – S1 – FEUH - 2011 Slide 18
MRP L is the Demand for Labor
• If Labor is MORE
productive, demand for • MP L declines with less
labor increases capital, wages and labor
are HURT
• If Labor is LESS
productive, demand for
labor decreases SL
• Suppose an
EARTHQUAKE destroys
W
capital DL
D’ L
L’ L
erlina pakki – S1 – FEUH - 2011 Slide 19
Fungsi Produksi Jangka Panjang
• Semua input adalah variabel
» greatest output from any set of inputs
• Q = f( K, L ) adalah contoh input
• MP of capital and MP of labor merupakan derivatif
dari fungsi produksi
» MPL = Q /L = Q /L
• MP of labor declines as more labor is applied. Also
the MP of capital declines as more capital is applied.