TEKS DESCRIPTIF
By Sirodjuddin on April 7, 2013
Descriptive Text juga menggunakan Adverbs (kata keterangan) untuk memberikan informasi
tambahan mengenai perilaku atau sifat (Adjective) yang dijelaskan, misalnya: it
is extremely high. It runs definitely past, etc.
Contoh Desctiptive Text
MacQuarie University
Identification
Macquarie University is one of the largest universities in Australia. This year, in 2004, it
celebrates its 40th anniversary.
Description
The university is located at the North Ryde Greenbelt, Sydney, where the New South Wales
government sets aside 135 hectares for the institution. In 1964, Macquarie area was a rural
retreat on the city fringe, but today the campus and its surroundings have evolved beyond
recognition. The North Ryde District has grown into a district of intensive occupation anchored
by a vibrant and growing university.
Blessed with a fortunate location and room to breathe, Macquarie can be proud of that careful
planning that retains and enrich the universitys most attractive natural features. A pleasing
balance between buildings and plating is evident across the campus. This emphasis on the
importance of landscape has created images of Macquarie as a place that members of the
university are most likely to pleasurably recollect.
One of the highlights of the landscape is the Mars Creek zone. It comprises landscaped creek
sides and valley floor, a grass amphitheatre, and artificial lake surrounded by rocks and pebbles,
native plants and eucalypts.
Today, a railway station is under construction. In three years1 time, Macquarie will be the only
university in Australia with a railway station on site. Macquarie is poised to be the most readily
accessible in Sydney region by rail and motorway, yet retaining its beautiful site.
Sumber: belajarbahasainggris.us
Yang sering ditanyakan antara lain:
1. Menentukan tujuan komunikasi
2. Menentukan Gambaran Umum
b.
c.
d.
e.
Jawabannya:
* Jika ada judul maka jawabannya adalah judul
* Jika tidak ada judul jawabannya kata yang paling banyak muncul di dalam teks,
biasanya berada pada kalimat pertama paragrap pertama, kalimat terakhir paragrap
terakhir, atau kalimat pertama setiap paragrap
3. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Ide Utama Paragrap Tertentu
Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:What is the main idea of paragraph?
Jawabannya: Kalimat pertama yang berada di awal paragrap
Elizabeth II, born on 21st April 1926, is the eldest daughter of George VI and Elizabeth BowesLyon. She married Philip Mountbatten, a distant cousin, in 1947. The pair has four children:
Charles, Prince of Wales, Anne, Andrew and Edward. She is the first monarch to send her
children to boarding schools in order to remove them from the ever-probing media. She has a
strong sense of duty and diligence. Her knowledge of current situation and trends are up to date.
She possesses a sense of humorous rarely exhibited in public where a dignified presence is her
goal
Narrative Text adalah teks yang isinya merupakan cerita atau kisah
sesuatu. Contoh narrative text: cerita rakyat (folktale), cerita binatang (fable), Legenda (legend),
cerita pendek (short story), dan sejenisnya. Di dalamnya terdapat konflik/puncak masalah yang
diikuti dengan penyelesaian. Teks Naratif memiliki tujuan komunikasi > to entertain/ to amuse
/to educate the reades..
Ciri-ciri narrative text:
1. Generic Structure:
Orientation: berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan
dan dimana). Orientation berada di awal cerita; biasanya diawali dengan kata-kata once, once
upon a time, a long time ago, one day, etc.
Complication: Berisi puncak konflik/masalah dalam cerita. Sebuah cerita boleh memiliki
complication lebih dari satu. Complication berada di pertengahan cerita.
Resolution: Pemecahan masalah. Bisa berakhir dengan kegembiraan (happy ending) bisa pula
berakhir dengan kesedihan (sad ending). Solusi berada di akhir cerita.Kata-kata yang sering
terdapat di dalam resolution antara lan; at the end, at last, finally
2. Grammatical features menggunakan ten past tenses
Snow White
Orientation
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt and Uncle
because her parents were dead
Complication
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because
they both wanted to go to America and they didnt have enough money to take Snow White.
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran
away. The next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle were having
breakfast. She ran away into the woods.
Resolution
Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell
asleep.
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found
Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, what is
your name? Snow White said, My name is Snow White.
Doc, one of the dwarfs, said, If you wish, you may live here with us. Snow White said, Oh
could I? Thank you. Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and finally Snow White
and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.
Yang sering ditanyakan antara lain:
1. Menentukan tujuan komunikasi
2. Menentukan Gambaran Umum
3. Menentukan Ide Utama Paragrap Tertentu
4.Menentukan Informasi Terinci
5. Menentukan pesan moral
6. Menentukan Referensi Kata
STRATEGI
1. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan tujuan komunikasi
Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:
What is the purpose of the text above ?
Jawabannya:
Teks Narative ( Isinya menceritakan sebuah dongeng, teks dimulai dengan kata Once upon a
time, One day, Once, a long time ago, Menggunakan kalimat Past tense) maka jawabannya
adalah to entertain/ to amusee /to educate the readers
2. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Gambaran Umum
Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:
a. What is the text about?
b. What does the text tell us about?
c. What is the topic of the text?
d. The text mainly discusses
e. The text tells us about
Jawabannya:
* Jika ada judul maka jawabannya adalah judul
* Jika tidak ada judul jawabannya kata yang paling banyak muncul di dalam teks,
biasanya berada pada kalimat pertama paragrap pertama, kalimat terakhir paragrap
terakhir, atau kalimat pertama setiap paragrap
3. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Ide Utama Paragrap Tertentu
Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:What is the main idea of paragraph?
Jawabannya: Kalimat pertama yang berada di awal paragrap
Kalimat terakhir di akhir paragrap
4. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Informasi Terinci
Pertanyaan menggunakan kata tanya: How (bagaimana), where (di mana), when (kapan), which
(yang mana), how many (berapa banyak), what (apa) ,Who (siapa), Why (mengapa), whom
(siapa), how long (berapa lama), etc
Jawabannya:
Perhatikan kata kunci kata/kalimat dalam pertanyaan, lalu Carilah kata kunci /kalimat itu pada
teks, jawabannya terdapat di bagian sebelum atau sesudah kata kunci /kalimat pertanyaan
5. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan pesan moral/ informasi tersurat
Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul: What can we learn from the story above?
Jawabannya:
Ada di akhir paragraph
Atau menyimpulkan setelah membaca seluruh teks
6. Strategi Menentukan Referensi Kata
Pertanyaan:
The underlined word, refers to
The word we refers to .
What does the pronoun it refer to?
The word she refers to
Jawabannya: Subject atau Object pada kalimat sebelumnya
Contoh soal
TEKS NARRATIVE
Little Brother, Little Sister
Maltreated by their stepmother, who was a witch, a little brother and sister fled into the woods.
After running for a while,
the brother said: Im so thirsty. Lets find a spring and have a drink.
However, as the young boy bent down to drink, his sister heard a voice which said: Who drinks
from me will turn into a fawn. it was the witch! Too late, the sister tried to prevent her brother
from drinking. The young boy changed at once into a fawn. In tears, the little girl made a lead
and collar out of her belt, and led the fawn off into the woods. There they found an abandoned
cottage and lived together, far from any danger.
One day, however, the king was hunting in the woods, and he spied the fawn, which could not
resist the urge to wander away from the cottage. The king and his hunters chased the fawn all the
way back home. There, the king followed it into the cottage, where he found a young girl
stroking the frightened animal. She was so beautiful and gentle that the king fell in love with her
at once. He asked her to be his wife, and his words caused the maiden to cry for joy. When one
of her tears fell on the fawn, it changed back to her brother once more. Their goodness and love
had overcome the witchs evil spell, and they lived safely and happily with the king for ever
after.
(Taken from 366 and More Fairy Tales, 1990)
1. Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan informasi tersirat
Indikator: Disajikan sebuah teks naratif fairy tale, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban pertanyaan
tentang informasi tersirat dari teks tersebut dengan tepat.
Soal:
Why did the brother and sister flee into the woods? Because .
A. they had been maltreated by their stepmother.
B. they had been treated well their stepmother
C. they wanted to leave home.
D. they felt very happy.
Kunci jawaban: a
Pembahasan: Jawaban dari pertanyaan di atas dapat dibaca pada paragraph 1 kalimat pertama
Maltreated by their stepmother, who was a witch, a little brother and sister fled into the woods.
Dengan clue kata yang digaris bawahi, maka jawabannya adalah a.
2.Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan rujukan kata
Indikator: Disajikan sebuah kutipan kalimat yang kata gantinya digaris bawahi dari teks naratif
fairy tale yang sama, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban pertanyaan rujukan kata ganti dari teks
tersebut dengan tepat.
Soal:
There, the king followed it into the cottage.. The word it refers to .
A. cottage
B. fawn
C. wood
D. home
Kunci jawaban: b
Pembahasan: Jawaban dari pertanyaan di atas dapat mengacu pada kalimat sebelumnya The
king and his hunters chased the fawn all the way back home
3. Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan informasi tersirat
Indikator: Disajikan sebuah teks naratif fairy tale yang sama, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban
pertanyaan tentang informasi tersirat dari teks tersebut dengan tepat.
Soal:
What caused the young boy changed into a fawn?
A. He left home into the woods.
B. He found an abandoned cottage.
C. He drank something and got curse.
D. He said something bad to his mother.
Kunci jawaban: c
Pembahasan: Jawaban untuk pertanyaan di atas terdapat pada paragraph 2 baris pertama dan
kedua,yang disimpulkan dia berubah menjadi anak rusa setelah minum dan mendapat kutukan,
maka jawaban yangtepat c
4. Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan informasi rinci tersurat
Indikator: Disajikan sebuah teks naratif fairy tale yang sama, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban
pertanyaan tentang informasi rinci tersurat dari teks tersebut dengan tepat.
Soal:
How did the fawn change back to be a young boy?
A. When the King asked for his sister to marry with him.
B. When one of his sisters tear fell on the fawn.
C. When the king chased the fawn back home.
D. When his sister cried for joy.
Kunci jawaban: b
Pembahasan: Jawaban dari pertanyaan di atas ditemui pada paragraph terakhir, kalimat When
one of her tears fell on the fawn, it changed back to her brother once more., maka jawaban yang
tepat adalah b.
What to do :
First, fold the paper in half the long way, crease and unfold
Second, fold the sides up to the middle crease, keep folded
Next, fold the corners down to the middle
After that, fold the corners down to the middle again
Then,, fold the points downs to the middle
Finally, open the middle and turn it inside out to make a boat, or flif it over and wear it as a hat.
1. What is the purpose of the text above?
a. to describe the how to make a boat or a hat
b. to entertain the reader
c. to tell the past event
d. to show how to make a boat or a hat
Jawaban: D
Things you need
a shoebox
cardboard sheet
different colored glazer paper
glue
scissors
pencil, eraser, and sketch pens
Methods
1. Take a shoebox without the lid.
2. Draw out a fishing boat on the cardboard and cut it.
3. Use glazed paper in different colors to stick on the cardboard boat so that it looks bright and
colorful.
4. Stick the boat on one side of the shoebox. Your letter holder is ready.
2. What is the purpose of writing the text?
A. To give complete description on shoeboxes.
B. To tell the way to make a letter holder.
C. To recycle shoeboxes for other purposes.
D. To tell readers how to make use of shoeboxes.
Jawaban: B
2. Soal menentukan bahan-bahan/peralatan yang diperlukan
Di dalam teks terdapat ingredients, yaitu keterangan tentang bahan-bahan. Perhatikan kata- kata
kunci di dalam pertanyaan, kemudian cari kata-kata kunci itu di dalam teks, maka akan segera
diketahui pilihhan jawaban yang benar.
3. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan langkah-langkah atau metode
Di dalam teks terdapat urutan langkah-langkah atau prosedur dalam melakukan/membuat
sesuatu, biasanya ada kata first, second, next, then, finally, at the end atau ada Penomoran.
Perhatikan kata- kata kunci di dalam pertanyaan, lalu cari di dalam teks; maka pilihhan jawaban
yang benar akan segera diketahui dengan memperhatikan prosedur dalam melakukan/membuat
sesuatu. Perhatikan pula jika di dalam pertanyaan ada kata-kata before(=sebelum), after
(=setelah), after that (=setelah itu), next (=selanjutnya)
Contoh Soal
English Expressions
By Sirodjuddin on September 12, 2013
Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty/Doubt
A. Expressing certainty
memenangkannya
I am absolutely sure he will win it
I am absolutely sure he will
I am absolutely sure about it
Definitely
Certainly
ADAPTATION
1. Will Amir pass t?he exam
sure/he will
B. Expressing uncertanty/doubt
Contoh soal
1. Rendy : Are you sure that the disk is OK ?
Nina : Im not sure,but we can check it.
The italic sentence expresses
A. Apologize
B. Agree
C. Disagree
D. Uncertainty
2. Ana : Im going to buy some books at Asia Plaza tomorrow.Can you join me ?
Vina : WellI cant decide whether join or not.
The italicsentence expresses
A. Certainty
B. Doubt
C. Agree
D. Apologize
3. Johan : Hi, Yudi, the weather is cloudy. Do you think it will rain soon?
Yudi : I think so, I am It will rain soon.
A. sure
B. not sure
C. certainty
D. Doubtful
4. Mr. James : If I dont have certificate showing ownership of property for
guarantee, will the bank lend me some money?
Mr. Chang : I cant say that for sure.
The underlined expression is used to express .
A. disappointment
B. disagreement
C. uncertainty
D. Dislike
5. Dedy : Are you sure that she will come to my party tonight?
Mizwar : Im sure about that.
The underlined sentence is used to express
A. certainty
B. uncertainty
C. disagreement
D. Suggestion
6. Miss Dina : Do you think that the headmaster will be here at 7.30
tomorrow morning?
Miss Ati
: .he will. He always gets here before seven.
A. I doubt
B. Im sure
C. Im afraid
D. I cant stay