hipothalamus
Dian Rahadianti
• Jalur
penghantaran
sinyal-
hormon :
hypothalamus dan
kelenjar pituitari
• Bertanggung
jawab regulasi
homeostasis
Hipothalamus
• Hormon Tropik
• Hormon nontropik
Hypothalamic Releasing Hormones
7 releasing hormones
– Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
– Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
– Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
– Growth hormone-releasing hormone
(GHRH)
– Growth hormone-release inhibiting
hormone
(GHIH)
– Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF)
– Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)
Hypothalamus Releasing
Hormones: Sekresi
• Dipengaruhi oleh emosi
• Status metabolik
• Dilepaskan ke hipofisis anterior via sistem
porta hypothalamic- hipophyseal
• Inisiasi 3 hormon
Kelenjar Hipofise
Subdivisi Kelenjar
Hipofise
• Adenohipofise
(Anterior
Pituitary)
– Pars Distalis
– Pars Intermedia
– Pars Tuberalis
• Neurohipofise
(Posterior
Pituitary)
– Pars Nervosa
– Infundibular
Stalk
Hipofise Posterior
•Akhir ujung akson dari
badan sel neuron
hipothalamus (supraoptic
dan paraventricular)
•Traktus
hipothalamohipofiseal
•Hormon disimpan pada
vesikel
•Hormon utama:
Vasopressin (ADH) &
Oksitosin
Sintesis & Sekresi Hormon Hipofise
Posterior
Hipofise Posterior: Regulasi
Osmolalitas
Adenohipofise
Sekresi hormon tropik secara pulsatil
Sintesis beberapa hormon pada populasi
sel spesifik
Sensory Impulses to
Hypothalamus Milk Production
Stress Sleep
Hypothalamus
CRH
Ant. Pituitary
ACTH
Adrenal CortexGlucocorticoids
Kontrol TSH
Hypothalamus
TRH
Anterior
Pituitary
T4
TSH
Thyroid
T4 & T3
Kontrol Gonadotropin
Hypothalamus
GnRH
Ant. Pituitary
FSH LH
Gonad
Inhibin E2 & P or T
Patologi
• Hipersekresi
• Hiposekresi
• Klasifikasi
– Primer (kelenjar target dari hipofise)
– Sekunder (hipofise)
– Tersier (Hipothalamus)
• Adenoma hipofise
Pathologies: Due to
Receptors