EFEKTIVITAS PIJAT OKSITOSIN DENGAN MINYAK ADAS

(FENNEL ESSENTIAL OIL) TERHADAP PRODUKSI ASI

EFFECTIVENESS OF OXYTOCIN MASSAGE WITH FENNEL OIL

(FENNEL ESSENTIAL OIL) ON BREAST MILK PRODUCTION

Ratna Nurindah Sari1 Tia Nurhanifah2, Resa Nirmala Jona3,

Ratna Nurindah Sari /STIKES Telogorejo Semarang
Tia Nurhanifah /STIKES Telogorejo Semarang
Resa Nirmala Jona /STIKES Telogorejo Semarang
1ratnanurindahsari42356@gmail.com

ABSTRAK
Produksi ASI yang kurang mengakibatkan ASI eksklusif tidak tercapai dan ASI tidak diberikan kepada bayi.
Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI diantaranya adalah pijat oksitosin. Minyak
esensial adas terbukti mengandung asam lemak, flavonoid, vitamin, mineral seperti kalsium (49mg/100g)
yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan pasokan ASI. Rumusan masalah yaitu, “Apakah pijat oksitosin
menggunakan minyak esensial adas (fennel essential oil) efektif terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu postpartum
normal.” Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pijat oksitosin menggunakan minyak esensial
adas (fennel essential oil) terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu postpartum normal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah
quasy experiment. Desain penelitian yang dipilih adalah pretest-posttest with control group design. Populasi
dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu postpartum normal pada bulan Juni-Juli 2022 di PMB Hj. Hendriati
dan PMB Hj. Istirochah. Jumlah sampel adalah 44 orang. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini
dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil
penelitian didapatkan bahwa pijat oksitosin dengan menggunakan minyak adas lebih efektif dalam
meningkatkan produksi ASI dibandingkan dengan pemberian pijat oksitosin tanpa minyak adas. Hal tersebut
berdasarkan hasil Sum of Rank nilai kelompok intervensi sebesar 716,50 sedangkan nilai kelompok kontrol
sebesar 273,50. Berdasarkan perolehan nilai Z sebesar 5,237 yang menandakan pijat oksitosin dengan
minyak berpotensi 5,237 kali lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan produksi ASI dibandingkan dengan pijat
oksitosin tanpa minyak adas. Diharapkan bidan dapat memberikan pelayanan dengan menerapkan pijat
oksitosin dengan minyak adas pada ibu postpartum sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI
sehingga pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat tercapai.

Kata kunci : pijat oksitosin, minyak adas, produksi asi

ABSTRACT
Insufficient milk production results in exclusive breastfeeding not being achieved and breastfeeding not
being given to babies. Efforts that can be made to increase milk production include oxytocin massage.
Fennel essential oil has been shown to contain fatty acids, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals such as
calcium (49mg/100g) which are associated with increasing breast milk supply. The formulation of the
problem is, "Is oxytocin massage using fennel essential oil effective on milk production in normal
postpartum mothers." This study aims to determine the effectiveness of oxytocin massage using fennel
essential oil on breast milk production in normal postpartum mothers. This type of research is a quasi-
experiment. The research design chosen was a pretest-posttest with a control group design. The population
in this study were all normal postpartum mothers in June-July 2022 at PMB Hj. Hendriati and PMB Hj.
Istirocah. The number of samples is 44 people. Sampling in this study was conducted using a purposive
sampling technique. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that oxytocin massage using
fennel oil was more effective in increasing milk production compared to giving oxytocin massage without
fennel oil. This is based on the results of the Sum of Rank, the value of the intervention group is 716.50 while
the value of the control group is 273.50. Based on the acquisition of a Z value of 5.237 indicates that
oxytocin massage with oil has the potential to be 5.237 times more effective in increasing breast milk
production compared to oxytocin massage without fennel oil. It is hoped that midwives can provide services
by applying oxytocin massage with fennel oil to postpartum mothers as a solution to increase milk
production so that exclusive breastfeeding can be achieved.

Keywords: Oxytocin Massage, Fennel Oil, Breast Milk Production

INTRODUCTION Breast milk is ideal nutrition for babies.
Breast milk contains nutritious compounds based
on the necessities of the babies that protect against
diseases. The first two years of babies' lives are
important because they are in an optimal period.
Thus, they must receive breast milk to improve
their development and to prevent morbidity and
mortality, and chronic disease risk. The
administration of breast milk will be optimal for
babies aged between 0 and 23 months. The
administration of breast milk within this age range
could save more than 820.000 lives of babies
younger than 5 years old each year (WHO, 2020).
Heretofore, exclusive breast milk becomes
the world's problem. In 2020, the scope of
exclusive breast milk in Europe reached a
percentage of 20%. The scope of exclusive breast
milk in Latin America and the Caribbean reached a
percentage of 32%. For Middle Africa, the scope
reached a percentage of 25%. In Eastern Asia, the
scope reached 30%. In Southern Asia, the scope
reached a percentage of 47%. Then, in developing
countries, the scope reached a percentage of 46%.
These percentages indicated that working parents
could not provide exclusive breast milk. They
tended to provide formula milk for their babies.
From the data, in some continents, such as Europe,
America, Africa, Asia, and developing countries,
the global target of exclusive breast milk provision
was only 50% (WHO, 2021).
Nationally, the scope of babies that
received exclusive breast milk in Indonesia
reached a percentage of 67.74% in 2020. The rate
indicated the achieved Renstra target of 2020 with
a percentage of 50% (Kemenkes RI, 2021, p. 59).
The scope of exclusive breast milk provision for
babies aged from 0 to 6 in Central Java reached a
percentage of 69.46% in 2020 (Dinkes Jawa
Tengah, 2021). On the other hand, in Semarang,
the scope of exclusive breast milk provision
reached a percentage of 55.4% in 2020 (BPS Kota
Semarang, 2020).
Routine breast milk administration
facilitates the survivability and life of babies. The
newborn babies should receive breast milk once
for 2 until 3 hours. The contained antibody in the
colostrum prevents the virus and makes babies
stronger (Bahiyatun, 2018, p. 28). During the
breastfeeding process, the prolactin hormone and
oxytocin influence breast milk production. These
hormones smoothen breast milk production to
support the nutrition of babies. However, some
career mothers did not provide exclusive breast
milk because they thought they could not produce
breast milk in large numbers. Thus, they think
they could not provide adequate breast milk for
their babies (Suciawati, 2018, p. 202).
One of the solutions to trigger the
oxytocin hormone and improve the convenience
of the mothers is by promoting oxytocin massage
(Purnamasari et al., 2020, p. 2). Oxytocin
massage stimulates the let-down reflex and the
oxytocin hormone release. Thus, mothers can
maintain their breast milk production and keep
their convenience and security (Suciawati, 2018,
p. 202). Oxytocin massage brings many benefits
during the breastfeeding process. The observable
benefits include relieving stress and back pain.
The massage could stimulate the performance of
the oxytocin hormone. Besides that, oxytocin
massage is useful to improve the convenience,
breast milk movement to the breast, filling up the
process of breast milk to the breast, breast milk
release, and uterine involution (Litasari et al.,
2018, p. 68).
Resmana & Hadianti (2019, p.757) found
that oxytocin massage made the colostrum
provision period smooth for a post-sc group. The
period was 23.04 hours faster than the control
group without oxytocin massage. Suciawati
(2018, p. 205) found the effectiveness of
oxytocin massage toward the breast milk release
process of post-partum mothers. This
effectiveness happened due to the convenience
received by the mothers during the massage so
that oxytocin hormone was produced properly.
The procedure of oxytocin massage
required fennel essential oil or Foeniculum
Vulgare Mill. Fennel essential oil is a traditional
medicine to cure various diseases related to the
digestive system, endocrine, reproduction, and
respiration. Fennel essential oil contains fatty
acids, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals, such as
calcium (49mg/100g) to increase the breast milk
supply. Martini (2020, p. 8) found that oxytocin
massage with fennel essential oil influenced the
colostrum release in post-partum mothers with
sectio caesarea. The influence of the
experimental group was more significant than the
control group.
Mikaningtyas et al 92018) found that
fennel essential oil had a galactagogue nature.
Thus, fennel essential oil could smoothen the
production of breast milk. Fennel seeds also
contain anethole. This compound has a similar
feature to a hormone and could stimulate breast
milk production. Many studies also found that
fennel could increase the produced hormones
inside the brain to stimulate breast milk production
in the breast glands (Ahwan & Qonitah, 2018, p.
42).
The preliminary research at PMB Hj.
Hendriati and PMB J. Istirochah, Western
Semarang, Semarang in January 2022, showed that
45 mothers the normal birth processes. All
mothers did not suffer from breast milk
contraindications. They breastfed the babies
correctly and received socialization about
exclusive breast milk. However, during the
seventh-day control, a percentage of 50% of
mothers brought formula milk bottles for their
babies. All mothers provided formula milk for their
babies. Most mothers, 50%, admitted that their
babies crying since their breast milk productions
were low. This matter should receive intervention
so that the babies could obtain adequate breast
milk. Thus, the researchers applied oxytocin
massage with the combination of fennel essential
oil. This intervention was useful to provide
obstetric care support for mothers so that they
could provide exclusive breast milk.
Studies about oxytocin massage with the
combination of fennel essential oil toward breast
milk production were still limited. In this research,
the researcher combined oxytocin massage with
the implementation of fennel essential oil to
determine the production and volume of breast
milk. From the explanation, the researchers were
interested to study the effectiveness of oxytocin
massage with fennel essential oil toward the
production of normal postpartum mothers' breast
milk productions.
RESEARCH METHOD
This quasi-experimental research used a
pretest-posttest design with a control group. The
researchers adjusted the design to reach the
research objectives, to determine the breast milk
production of postpartum mothers. In this research,
the researchers grouped the samples into
intervention and control groups. The intervention
group received fennel essential oil while the
control group did not receive fennel essential oil.
The population consisted of normal
postpartum mothers at PMB Hj. Hendriati and
PMB J. Istirochah, Western Semarang, Semarang
in January 2022. The researchers took the
sample with a purposive sampling technique. The
results were obtained from 44 postpartum
mothers. The researchers collected the data with
a checklist of oxytocin massage procedures, (2) a
milk container (cc/ml) and breast milk pump, and
(3) an observation sheet. The applied data
analyses were univariate and bivariate analyses
with the Wilcoxon test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1. The Distribution Frequency of
Respondent Age Characteristics
Table 1 shows that 18 respondents,
40.9%, aged between 26 - 30 years old. Then, 15
respondents, 34.1%, are 20 - 25 years old. Eleven
respondents, 25%, are 35 - 40 years old. The
results showed that most respondents were aged
between 26 and 30 years old. Ruth (2018)
explains that women older than 20 years old
produce prolactin hormone and oxytocin
hormones. These hormones are useful to release
and produce breast milk. Women aged 20 years
old or older with postpartum status will have
smooth breast milk production with excellent
stimulus.
Novitasari and Marwati (2019) found a
correlation between the ages of the mothers and
the onset of lactation in postpartum mothers
(p=0,041< 0,05). Rivers et al (2016) found that
age could accelerate the onset of lactation in
mothers aged between 20 and 30 years old. In
this period, the reproduction organs develop and
mature perfectly.
The ages of mothers determine maternal
health because the ages deal with the pregnancy,
labor, postpartum, and breastfeeding care for the
babies. Mothers with healthy reproduction
periods have adequate breast milk production
because the reproduction organs work optimally.
However, women aged older than 35 years old
may have decreased reproductive organ functions.
Thus, complications of pregnancy, labor, and
breastfeeding may highly occur (Ariani, 2022).
In this research, the researchers assumed
that the proper age to provide breast milk fell
between 26 to 30 years old. Mothers aged between
26 and 30 years old are still reproductive so they
have excellent reproduction organs. These
situations support excellent breast milk production.
The ages of mothers determine maternal health
because the ages deal with the pregnancy, labor,
postpartum, and breastfeeding care for the babies.
The current research results concluded that
most respondents of both groups were aged
between 26 and 30 years old. Women at these ages
excellently secrete prolactin and oxytocin
hormones to release and produce breast milk.
Table 2 The Distribution Frequency of Respondent
Education Characteristics
Table 2 shows that 35 respondents, 79.5%,
graduate from JHS/IJHS/SHS/VHS/ISHS). Then, a
percentage of 13.6% of respondents graduate from
Universities (diploma/bachelor). The table also
shows only 3 people, 6.8%, graduated from
primary school. The results showed that most
respondents graduated from a moderate education
level. Notoadmojo (2018) found that education
influenced an individual. Higher education level an
individual led to better knowledge quality. Thus,
the individual could accept health-related
information and behave based on the obtained
information.
Hapsari (2019) found the percentage of the
population with an SHS education level led to
better physical health than a population with only
primary school or Junior High School educational
levels and/or without schooling. Population with
lower education had an opportunity of suffering
from poor health 1.7 times. Then, the population
with moderate education had an opportunity of
suffering from poor health for 1.2 times higher
than the population with higher education level
The current researchers also argued that
lower education led to a lack of knowledge. This
matter would influence the health status of an
individual and worsen the health. Thus, these
people need additional knowledge and
information about the oxytocin massage
importance with fennel essential oil so that breast
milk production would be smooth.
Friedman (2018) found that education
influenced individual capabilities and parents'
efforts to promote care and nurture the health of
their children. Education also influenced the
adaptive skills of parents to promote their roles
so that they could achieve the determined
objectives. Roberts (2017) found that mothers
with low education levels did not consider and
pay attention to the importance of providing
exclusive breast milk. Novita (2014) also found
that an individual education influenced the
expressed responses toward external matters.
From the results, most respondents of
both groups had moderate educational levels.
Thus, they had adequate information about
oxytocin massage to improve their breast milk
volume production.
Table 3 The Distribution Frequency of
Respondent Job Characteristics
Table 3 shows most respondents of both
groups are 50% working and 50% not working.
Notoadmojo (2018) found that jobs made
mothers unable to provide breast milk effectively
for their babies. Thus, breast milk production was
not smooth because the mothers rarely breastfed
their babies. Thus, the oxytocin and prolactin
hormones did not work properly.
Yuanti (2018) found that career women
had 1.16 higher chances to seize their breast milk
provisions than those non-career women. Non-
career women highly provided exclusive breast
milk for their babies. Gemilang (2020) found that
non-career women did not provide exclusive
breast milk. The mothers were busy so they did
not have opportunities to provide exclusive breast
milk for the babies.
The researcher argued that the interrupted
breast milk release occurred because the mothers
were working. They were also away from their
children so they could not breastfeed their babies.
On the other hand, non-career women or
housewives could regulate their house works and
breastfeeding. In this research, when the
researchers took the data, some respondents were
still working. The researchers argued that the
mothers did not have adequate knowledge of
providing breast milk and were feeling anxious
about their breast milk production. The
psychological condition of the mothers influenced
breast milk production.
Susianti (2019) found that career women
had problems that hindered the administration of
exclusive breast milk. The breast milk production
of these mothers decreased because the mothers
were stressed. This matter happened because the
mothers were away from their mothers.
The results indicated that 50% of
respondents in the intervention group were
working and the other 50% respondents of in the
control group were not working. The non-career
mothers could manage their house works and the
obligations to breastfeed their babies.
Unfortunately, career mothers could not manage
their time effectively. Thus, they could not
breastfeed properly.
Table 4 The Distribution Frequency of Respondent
Parity Characteristics
Table 4 shows that 21 respondents (47.7%)
are at second-stage parity. Thirteen respondents,
29.6%, are at third-stage parity. Seven respondents,
15.9%, are at one-stage parity. Then, three
respondents, 6.8%, have more than 4 parities. The
results show most respondents are at two-stage
parity. Ariani (2022) found that multipara
mothers, with more than one parity, had better
parity to breastfeeding. This strength point
occurred due to the multipara mothers having
adequate experience from previous pregnancies.
These mothers every experienced a postpartum
period so they were not anxious during the
breastfeeding period. This situation increased the
hormone secretion to produce breast milk. On the
other hand, the primipara mothers, with one
parity, were anxious about their pregnancies and
their breastfeeding period. This matter happened
because they experienced the situation for the
first time.
Ariani (2022) found that primipara
respondents mostly had interrupted breast milk
production, 66.7%; while the multipara
respondents had better breast milk production,
82.7%. Mododahi (2018) found that the high
production rate of breast milk from multipara
mothers was higher than those of primipara
mothers.
Parity refers to the labor frequency
experienced by mothers. The second-stage and
third-stage parities are the safest parities based on
maternal mortality perception. Multipara mothers
had previous knowledge of labor experience.
Thus, they would excellently breastfeed their
babies. The autocrine control system occurred
during breast milk production until the stable
situation. At this stage, a higher frequency of
breast milk release led to higher breast milk
production (Sutama, 2020).
The current results made the researchers
assume that multipara, the second stage, and the
third-stage parities, were excellent parities to
breastfeeding. The experiences of the postpartum
mothers made the mothers tougher so that
hormone production could facilitate breast milk
production.
In this research, the researchers found
most respondents of both groups, with the
second-stage parity, were at excellent parity to
breastfeeding.
Table 5 The Frequency Distribution of Breast
Milk Volume Production of the Intervention
Group Respondents
Table 5 shows the average breast milk
volume production of the respondents before the
oxytocin massage with fennel essential oil is
21.82 cc/ml. The lowest breast milk volume is 10
cc/ml while the highest one is 30 cc/ml. After the
intervention, the average breast milk volume was
86.59 cc/ml. The lowest one was 60 cc/ml while
the highest one was 100 cc/ml. The results
indicated the increased breast milk production of
the respondents after the intervention of oxytocin
massage with fennel essential oil.
The researchers assumed the average
volume of breast milk was lower before the
intervention due to psychological matters, such as
stress and anxiety. This situation hindered the
prolactin and oxytocin hormone performances.
Thus, breast milk production was limited. Thus,
postpartum mothers with interrupted breast milk
production should receive immediate intervention.
In this research, the applied intervention
was oxytocin massage with fennel essential oil to
improve the effectiveness of the oil absorption.
The maximum absorption could improve the
relaxation and convenience of the respondents. The
absorption also relieved pain and stimulated the
body to secrete the prolactin and oxytocin
hormones. This matter also increased breast milk
production (Susianti, 2019).
The average production of breast milk
before the intervention was 21.82 cc/ml while after
the intervention with oxytocin massage and fennel
essential oil was 86.59 cc/ml.
Table 6 The Frequency Distribution of Breast Milk
Volume Production of the Control Group
Respondents
Table 6 shows the average breast milk
volume production of the respondents receiving the
oxytocin massage without fennel essential oil is
20.14 cc/ml. The lowest breast milk volume is 8
cc/ml while the highest one is 30 cc/ml. After the
intervention without fennel essential oil, the
average breast milk volume was 51.82 cc/ml. The
lowest one was 25 cc/ml while the highest one was
70 cc/ml.
The researchers assumed the low volume
of breast milk production before oxytocin massage
occurred due to some influential factors. They
were the psychological aspects, such as stress and
anxiety. These matters hindered the prolactin and
oxytocin hormone performances. Thus, breast
milk production was limited.
The oxytocin massage on the mothers'
backs made them convenient and tranquil.
Physiologically, these matters stimulated the
oxytocin reflexes to secrete the oxytocin
hormone into the blood. This hormone made the
myoepithelium cells around the alveoli contract.
This matter made the breast milk flow from the
alveoli into the ductus via the sinus and the
nipples before being sucked by the babies.
Khabibah (2019) found that oxytocin massage
could make mothers relaxed, conformable, and
fresh after giving birth with the implementation
of oxytocin massage. This message could also
make the breast milk released smoothly.
The results indicated that the average
breast milk volume of the respondents before the
oxytocin massage without fennel essential oil
was 20.14 cc/ml while after the intervention
without fennel essential oil was 51.82 cc/ml.
Table 7 The Effectiveness of Oxytocin Massage
with Fennel Essential Oil toward the Breast milk
Production
Table 7 shows the breast milk volume
after the implementation of oxytocin with fennel
essential oil is 21.82 cc/ml while the
implementation without fennel essential oil is
86.59 cc/ml. The results indicated increased
breast milk production with a volume of 64.77
cc/ml after oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil. The statistic test with the Wilcoxon
test obtained a p-value of 0.000, lower than 0.05.
The result indicated Ha1 was accepted while H01
was denied. Thus, oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil was effective in the breast milk
production of postpartum mothers at PMB Hj.
Hendriati Semarang.
The obtained Z-score was 4.120. The
score indicated that each oxytocin massage
implementation with fennel essential oil made the
postpartum mothers have a higher potential of
4.120 times to improve breast milk.
The result proved the effectiveness of
fennel essential oil implementation while
providing oxytocin massage. This intervention
could improve the breast milk production of
postpartum mothers. Hekmatpou (2017) found
that topical aromatherapy to provide massage
could improve the effectiveness of essential oil
absorption. Maximum implementation improved
relaxation and convenience. The implementation
also relieved the pain sot hat the body secreted
prolactin and oxytocin hormones. This matter also
increased breast milk production (Susianti, 2019).
Raras (2016) found that acupressure on the breast
with the combination of aromatherapy could
improve the prolactin hormone by 302.88%.
Cahyaningtas et al. (2020) found the
influence of oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil toward the colostrum release period of
postpartum mothers with section caesarea. The
obtained statistical result was a p-value of 0.002,
lower than 0.05. Thus, H0 was denied while Ha was
accepted.
The results showed that oxytocin massage
with fennel essential oil was effective to improve
breast milk production of postpartum mothers. The
increased production volume of the respondents
was 64.77 cc/ml after the implementation of
oxytocin with fennel essential oil.
Table 8 The Effectiveness of Oxytocin Massage
toward the Breast Milk Production
Table 8 shows the breast milk volume after
the implementation of oxytocin with fennel
essential oil is 20.14 cc/ml while the
implementation without fennel essential oil is
51.82 cc/ml. The results indicated increased breast
milk production with a volume of 31.68 cc/ml after
oxytocin massage with fennel essential oil. The
statistic test with the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-
value of 0.000, lower than 0.05. The result
indicated Ha2 was accepted while H02 was denied.
Thus, oxytocin massage with fennel essential oil
was effective in the breast milk production of
postpartum mothers at PMB Hj. Istirochah
Semarang. The obtained Z-score was 4.127. The
score indicated that each oxytocin massage
implementation with fennel essential oil made the
postpartum mothers have a higher potential for
4.127 times to improve breast milk.
The result proved the effectiveness of
fennel essential oil implementation while
providing oxytocin massage. This intervention
could improve the breast milk production of
postpartum mothers. The oxytocin massage on
the mothers' backs made them convenient and
tranquil. Physiologically, these matters
stimulated the oxytocin reflexes to secrete the
oxytocin hormone into the blood. This hormone
made the myoepithelium cells around the alveoli
contract. This matter made the breast milk flow
from the alveoli into the ductus via the sinus and
the nipples before being sucked by the babies.
Khabibah (2019) found that oxytocin massage
could make mothers relaxed, conformable, and
fresh after giving birth with the implementation
of oxytocin massage. The massage could also
make the breast milk released smoothly.
Suciawati (2018) also found that 16
mothers out of 30 mothers, 53.3%, had smooth
breast milk production. The bivariate analysis
showed the mean of breast milk production
smoothness in the mothers with oxytocin
massage. The result also indicated the correlation
between oxytocin massage and the breast milk
release of postpartum mothers.
The results showed that oxytocin
massage with fennel essential oil was effective to
improve breast milk production of postpartum
mothers. The increased production volume of the
respondents was 31.68 cc/ml after the
implementation of oxytocin.
Table 9 The Effectiveness Differences between
Oxytocin Massage with Fennel Essential Oil and
Oxytocin Massage toward the Breast Milk
Production
Table 9 shows a p-value of 0.000, lower
than 0.05. The value indicated the breast milk
production differences between postpartum
mothers receiving oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil to postpartum mothers with only
oxytocin massage. The result showed the
implementation of oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil was effective to improve breast milk
production. The result of the Sum of Rank
indicated that oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil obtained a value of 716.50 while
oxytocin massage obtained a value of 273.50.
The obtained Z-score was 5.237. The
result indicated that oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil was more effective to improve the
breast milk production of postpartum mothers by
5.237 times than without the fennel essential oil
combination.
The result showed that oxytocin massage
with fennel essential oil was more effective to
improve the breast milk production of a
postpartum mother than the implementation of
oxytocin massage. Susilo (2019) found that fennel
essential oil could improve the breast milk supply
and the digestion system of mothers and babies.
Fennel essential oil contained fatty acids,
flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals, such as
calcium (49mg/411g), and essential oil. The
galactagogue content of the fennel essential oil
could improve breast milk production. Fennel
seeds contain calcium that improved the breast
milk supply.
Mikaningtyas (2017) found significant
differences between the implementation of fennel
essential oil and non-fennel essential oil
implementation for 0.041. The researcher found
that the implementation of fennel essential oil
improved the prolactin hormone content to 93.12
ng/ml, higher than the control group with 7.6
ng/ml.
Oxytocin massage with fennel essential oil
positively influenced breast milk production. This
matter happened because the oil passed two body
systems simultaneously. The combination should
involve massages on the breast, back, and skin
areas. Oxytocin massage provides mechanical
stimulation for the skin. This matter stimulates the
afferent nerve impulse in the limbic system along
the vertebrate and the acupressure points around
the breasts. This stimulus provides sensations on
the anterior pituitary to secrete the prolactin in the
blood system. Prolactin in the blood causes the
acinar cells in the mammary alveoli that produce
breast milk. At the same time, the relaxation
effects of fennel essential oil applied on the skin
would be absorbed via integument to the blood
system. This process stimulates the odor receptors
via neurotransmitters. Then, this process
stimulates the part of the brain in the limbic. The
hypothalamus system produces a hormone to
secrete prolactin. Then, the amygdala and the
hippocampus control the emotion and memories
that influence physics, mentality, and emotion
(Purnamasari & Hindiarti, 2020).
The results showed that oxytocin
massage with fennel essential oils was more
effective to increase breast milk production than
oxytocin massage without fennel essential oil.
CONCLUSION
The respondents' characteristics were
mostly from 26 to 30 years old, 40.9%. Then,
based on the education level, most respondents
mostly had a moderate education level, 79.5%. In
terms of jobs, some respondents worked while
the other respondents did not work, 50% for
each. Then, in terms of parity, most respondents
had second-stage parity, 47.7%.
The average production of breast milk
before the intervention was 21.82 cc/ml while
after the intervention with oxytocin massage and
fennel essential oil was 86.59 cc/ml.
The average production of breast milk
before the intervention was 20.14 cc/ml while
after the intervention without oxytocin massage
and fennel essential oil was 51.82 cc/ml.
The applied oxytocin massage with
fennel essential oil was effective to improve the
breast milk production of postpartum mothers.
The results indicated increased breast milk
production with a volume of 64.77 cc/ml after
oxytocin massage with fennel essential old. The
statistic test with the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-
value of 0.000, lower than 0.05. Each oxytocin
massage implementation with fennel essential oil
made the postpartum mothers have a higher
potential for 4.120 times to improve breast milk
production (Z = 4.120).
The applied oxytocin massage with
fennel essential oil was effective to improve the
breast milk production of postpartum mothers.
The results indicated increased breast milk
production with a volume of 31.68 cc/ml after
oxytocin massage with fennel essential old. The
statistic test with the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-
value of 0.000, lower than 0.05. This result
indicated each oxytocin massage provision
provided a higher opportunity 4.127 times for
mother to increase their breast milk production (Z
= 4.127).
Oxytocin massage with fennel essential
oil was effective to improve breast milk
production. The result of the Sum of Rank from the
intervention group obtained a value of 716.50
while the control group's score was 273.50. The
result indicated that oxytocin massage with fennel
essential oil had 5.237 higher opportunities to
increase the breast milk production of postpartum
mothers (Z = 5.237).
The results recommend postpartum
mothers with support from their husbands and the
family apply oxytocin massage. The community
should also receive this information to enrich their
knowledge and insight to apply the massage with
fennel essential oil as a solution to manage
interrupted breast milk problems.
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DOKUMENTASI