KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur Penulis ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang karena atas tuntunan-Nya yang
telah memberi rahmat dan hikmat-Nya kepada penulis untuk dapat menyelesaikan penulisan ini
yang berjudul “HIRUK PIKUK KEMACETAN DI KOTA JAKARTA ” sebagai syarat pemenuhan nilai pada
mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia.
Selama penyusunan penulisan ini penulis telah mendapat pengalaman yang sangat berharga dalam
berbagai hal. Selain itu dalam penulisan ilmiah ini, penulis juga mendapat berbagai hambatan, akan
tetapi berkat bimbingan dan dukungan baik secara moral maupun materi dalam berbagai pihak,
akhirnya semua dapat teratasi dengan baik.
Penulis menyadari bahwa masih banyak sekali kekurangan pada penulisan ilmiah ini. Oleh sebab itu
penulis dengan senang hati akan menampung dan menerima saran dan kritik yang bersifat
membangun untuk menyempurnakan materi dan isi dan penulisan ilmiah ini.
Akhir kata, semoga penulisan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca dan pihak lain yang memerlukan.
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
BAB II
PEMBAHASAN
2.3.3.Faktor-Faktor lain
Banyak factor-faktor lain selain kedua factor komponen diatas misalnya:
• Terjadi kecelakaan lalu-lintas sehingga terjadi gangguan kelancaran karena masyarakat yang
menonton kejadian kecelakaan atau karena kendaran yang terlibat kecelakaan belum disingkirkan
dari jalur lalu lintas,
• Terjadi banjir sehingga kendaraan memperlambat kendaraan
• Ada perbaikan jalan,
• Bagian jalan tertentu yang longsor,
• Karena adanya pemakai jalan yang tidak tahu aturan lalu lintas, seperti : berjalan lambat di lajur
kanan dan sebagainya
• Pengaturan lampu lalu lintas yang bersifat kaku yang tidak mengikuti tinggi rendahnya arus lalu
lintas
3.1.Kesimpulan
Dari pembahasan masalah pada bab II penulis dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa walaupun banyak
factor yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya kemacetan di Jakarta, tetapi penulis dapat mengambil tiga
persoalan pokok penyebab terjadinya kemacetan yaitu :
1. Terbatasnya lahan (ruang) jalan raya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya untuk menambah lahan
ruang jalan melalui pembangunan jalan-jalan flyover.
2. Pemakaian mobil pribadi yang tidak efisien
3. Bus Transjakarta (Busway) yang saat ini kurang efisien dalam artian masih kurangnya kuantitas
armada dan kualitas pelayanan sehingga menyebabkan volume kendaraan pribadi begitu besar di
Jakarta.
3.2. Saran
Saran yang dapat penulis berika yaitu
1. Peningkatan kuantitas armada busway dan peningkatan kualitas pelayanan busway agar
pengguna kendaraan pribadi beralih ke busway
2. Pembatasan usia kendraan bermotor setelah busway berjalan baik
3. Penegakan hukum yang tegas terhadap pengguna jalan, pejalan kaki dan pedagang kaki lima
yang melanggar aturan
4. Aturan yang ketat dan tegas terhadap arus urbanisasi dengan cara seperti pemeriksaan KTP di
perketat, dan hukuman dipertegas apabila ada yang melanggar
Congestion in Jakarta
Background:
The bustle of the traffic congestion in Jakarta is not unusual of course for the capital of Indonesia's
population due to congestion is a problem of everyday people in Jakarta. Congestion happens almost
every time it does make the traffic in the capital feels so uncomfortable for road users. This occurs
because the growth path and the number of vehicles is not balanced so make Jakarta traffic so
jammed.
Traffic congestion is a major problem the city has become common knowledge. In 2011 the
President has asserted that Jakarta should be free of traffic jams in 2020 and there should be a
significant reduction in congestion kemacuan in 2014, therefore the citizens of Jakarta and the
Government should think of things to fix and looking for alternatives, efforts solving the problem of
congestion in Jakarta.
Although now there transjakarta or busway but it does not guarantee that the traffic congestion in
Jakarta can be overcome. In 2009 alone, the number of vehicles back up to 6.7 million with the
details of 2.4 million cars and 4.3 million motorcycles. In 2010, the increase in the number of vehicles
exceeded 7.29 million to 2.56 million cars and details of 4.73 million motorcycles. In 2011, increased
again so 7.34 million vehicles, four-wheel vehicles of 2.5 million two-wheelers and nearly 5 million.
Indeed, over the years the number of vehicles in the capital volume instead of on the wane but
instead is increasing, but that's reality. For that there must be an extra effort and the firm should be
done by the government.
problem Formulation
Purpose:
3 To determine what measures can be taken to address the traffic congestion in Jakarta
source of Data:
The data source I use is the primary data in the form of observations and secondary data in the form
of browsing through the internet.
Discussion:
Definition of Congestion
Congestion is a situation or circumstance stagnated or even interruption of trafficcaused by the large
number of vehicles exceeding the capacity of the road or can besaid to be greater than the volume
of vehicles on the road volume.
Time and Origin Occurrence Congestion in Jakarta
For Jakarta, as if no day without congestion, except
during religious festivalslike Eid and Christmas moment, because at the time
of Eid and Christmas road sections in Indonesia's capital city is so quiet because many residents of
the capital arecelebrating Eid and Christmas with family on the outskirts of Jakarta. Most people in
Jakarta and surrounding areas must often experience the enormity of the
struggle toachieve workplace, college or school when out of the house through from 07.00 in the
morning, because at that time the congestion already started happening. Peak in thehours to come
to work and leave work one hour in the Old City Station-City Jl. ParkCity Station No. 1, West
Jakarta which could be seen in some of the below picture
Why is traffic congestion in Jakarta always occur during the hours mentioned above?Jakarta is
like the central city is surrounded by the cities of "satellite" namely:Tangerang and surrounding
areas, Bogor and Bekasi and surrounding areas.
At a certain moment the vehicle out of the many who came from Jakarta Jakarta
residents themselves but also from the vehicle plus satellite towns that match orpossibly exceed
the number of vehicles from Jakarta. There are just passing through(eg from Tangerang
to Jakarta, Bekasi will pass), but there is also entered Jakarta anddwell or loiter for
several hours before returning to their respective cities.
Factor 2 vehicles
3 Other Factors
Factors highways are factors derived from the condition of the highway itself. The poor condition of
the road traffic space and narrow / limited street space that inhibit the movement of road users.
The cause of the poor condition of the road space, among others:
• The use of road space to matters that are not appropriate, eg roads used for the practice of
market, sell, and perpakiran.
Fakor vehicles are the factors derived from the condition of the vehicle across the highway. Some
matters relating to the condition of the vehicle can be any type, size, quantity (amount) and quality
of passing vehicles on the highway.
For example: the number of vehicles in operation / crossing highway exceed capacity, a large
number of vehicle types that cause the overload on an easy road.
Currently factor of four wheel drive vehicles especially for private cars is the largest contributor to
the cause of traffic jams in Jakarta, followed by public transport and motorcycles as the second and
third largest contributors. Logically, many private cars operating on the highway at a certain moment
that would simultaneously seize land (space) the path is already very limited. In addition, users of
private cars in Jakarta is not very efficient. What is meant by inefficient is the number of passengers
(including the driver) only 1 or 2 people in the car.
In addition, the operation of TransJakarta Bus (Busway) is currently less efficient in terms of the lack
of quantity and quality of the service fleet, causing a large volume of private cars in Jakarta so.
Many factors other than the two factors above components such as:
• There was a traffic accident resulting in the smooth disorder because people who watch the scene
of an accident or due to accidents involved vehicles not removed from the carriageway,
• Due to road users who do not know the traffic rules, such as: walking slowly in the right lane and
so on
• Setting traffic lights that do not follow a rigid high and low traffic flows
3. thirst vehicle higher, because a longer time for a short distance, the radiator is not functioning
properly and the use of higher brake,
4 Increasing air pollution due to the low speeds higher energy consumption, and the engine is not
operating at optimal conditions,
6 Annoying smoothness emergency vehicles such as ambulances, fire brigade in carrying out its
duties
The impact of congestion, according to the LIPI research in 2007, is a social loss suffered by the
community of more than Rp 17.2 trillion per year due to wastage of time and the value of vehicle
operating costs, especially fuel. Low vehicle speeds cause fuel consumption to be high.
Thirsty motor vehicles to be high, because of the work the radiator is not functioning properly and
the use of higher brake. Not to mention exhaust emissions that cause global warming can be
estimated at about 25 thousand tons per year.
This led to Jakarta as the city with the fifth highest pollution levels in the world after Beijing, New
Delhi, Meksico City and Bangkok. In fact, there is a calculation that estimates losses from traffic jams
to reach Rp 43 trillion per year. The next stage is the impact on economic productivity declining
cities, even countries and declining quality of life for city residents from air pollution and stress. For
example, public transport should be able to carry six trips per day to three trips, due to traffic.
Based on the data of Jakarta Transportation Agency, the number of vehicles in Jakarta in 2007 as
many as 5.8 million vehicles with details of 2.2 million cars and 3.6 million motorcycles. In 2008, the
number of vehicles increased again to 6.3 million vehicles with details of 2.3 million cars and 4
million motorcycles.
In 2009, the number of vehicles back up to 6.7 million with the details of 2.4 million cars and 4.3
million motorcycles. In 2010, the increase in the number of vehicles exceeded 7.29 million to 2.56
million cars and details of 4.73 million motorcycles. In 2011, increased again so 7.34 million vehicles,
four-wheel vehicles of 2.5 million two-wheelers and nearly 5 million
The ratio of the vehicle is so improved from year to year, it is very difficult to avoid. With a ratio of
vehicles increases each year would not reduce congestion or improve traffic in Jakarta, but instead it
worsened the traffic this capital.
To solve the problem of traffic congestion in Jakarta, can not be achieved in ways that "normal". So
that the level of congestion in Jakarta can be reduced, then the efforts to overcome traffic
congestion in the capital should be seriously taken seriously in a sense, thorough and not half-half.
The following are efforts to overcome traffic congestion in Jakarta, among others:
6 Limiting the maximum number of public transport fleet per trajectory is allowed to operate
Regulation 7 operating vehicles with odd numbered license plates beginning, Suppose the odd
numbers beginning on Monday, shall not operate, bolehnya Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday,
etc.
Regulation 8 opeasi vehicle color, eg private car Monday in Black, White and red are allowed to
operate, etc.
9 In certain circumstances an adequate way two and four wheel vehicles are separated, in order to
avoid deadlblock
10 Companies that have employees using personal vehicles in a certain number must have its own
shuttle
11. Cleaning of public transport from the people who make a living by way of such violence;
pickpockets and muggers that residents feel safer.
12. raise the cost of parking in commercial buildings, such as malls, and major roads.
13. certain traffic restrictions entering certain areas or roads, as applied in the area of Jakarta is
known as 3 in 1 or another example of restrictions on entering highway motorcycles, restrictions on
private cars entering the busway lane
1 Move the Indonesian capital city of Jakarta to other cities outside Java
Those are some efforts to address congestion in the capital. Indeed, such efforts are not easy things
that can be done but if you want to Jakarta free from congestion as much as possible there should
be a clear attempt to reduce the congestion that occurs
CLOSING
3.1.Kesimpulan
From the discussion of the problem in Chapter II the author can draw the conclusion that although
many factors that cause congestion in Jakarta, but the author can take three main causes of
congestion issues are:
1. Limited land (space) highway. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the area of road space through
the construction of roads flyover.
3 TransJakarta Bus (Busway) is currently less efficient in terms of the lack of quantity and quality of
the service fleet, causing a large volume of private cars in Jakarta so.
3.2. suggestion
1 Increasing the quantity and improving the quality of the fleet busway busway services to private
vehicle users to switch to the busway
3 Enforcement of strict laws against road users, pedestrians and street vendors who violate the rules
4 The rules are strict and firm against urbanization way tightens checks on the ID card, and the
sentence was confirmed if there is a violation
Tugas Kelompok