PARTUS PREMATURUS
Disusun oleh:
Nur Intan Hasanah Assagaf (1102015172)
Pembimbing:
dr. Ida Winarti Retno Daradjati, Sp.OG
dr. Ita Mu’tiyah, Sp.OG
dr. Nanin Siti Rohmah, Sp.OG
• World Health Organization (WHO). Preterm Birth. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth di akses pada tanggal 8 Oktober 2020. 2018.
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics. Practice Bulletin No. 171: Management of Preterm
Labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Oct;128(4):e155-64.
• University of Rochester Medical Center. Low Birth Weight. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/ diakses pada tanggal 10 Oktober 2020. 2020
EPIDEMIOLOGI
Pada tahun 2005, WHO menggambarkan
bahwa kelahiran prematur menyumbang
sekitar 9,5% dari kelahiran di seluruh
dunia.
• World Health Organization (WHO). Preterm Birth. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth di akses pada tanggal 8 Oktober 2020. 2018.
• Vrishali Suman and Euil E. Luther. Preterm Labor. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536939/ diakses pada tanggal 8 Oktober 2020. 2020.
ETIOLOGI
Aktivasi aksis kelenjar hipotalamus-hipofisis-
adrenal baik pada ibu maupun janin, akibat Depresi, cemas dan stres kronik
stres pada ibu atau janin
Matrix
Metalloproteinases Prostaglandins
Proteases Other Uterotonins Maternal
Oxytocin
Cervical Ripening
Rupture of Uterine Contractions
Preterm Labor
Membrane
• Institute of Medicine. 2007. Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
FAKTOR Maternal Demographic
African-American/Aborginal/Hispanic races
Low BMI/poor weight gain/excess weight gain
• Surya R dan Sri P. Persalinan Preterm. CDK Edisi Suplemen-1. Vol: 46. 2019.
FAKTOR Environmental Infection
Bacterial vaginosis/sexually transmitted infection
Periodontal infection
RISIKO Socioeconomis/psychosocial
Social inequality/poverty/neighbour hood disadvantage
Physical violence
Martial status
Stressful/traumatic life event/anxiety/depression
Substance user/toxins
Excess alcohol
Smoking
Cocaine
Pollutans
Nutrition
Elevated homocysteine/sub optimal vitamin B12 and B6
Unbalanced polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)
Multivitamin (no-use)
Genetic TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokine- polymorphisms
Factor VII-XIII - polymorphisms
• Surya R dan Sri P. Persalinan Preterm. CDK Edisi Suplemen-1. Vol: 46. 2019.
INDIKATOR PENAPISAN
Indikator Klinik Indikator Laboratorik Indikator Biokimia
Farmakologi
Terminasi
Jika pengobatan tidak dapat menghentikan
persalinan prematur atau jika janin dalam
kondisi bahaya.
• Stanford Children’s Health. Preterm Labor. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=preterm-labor-90-P02497 diakses pada tanggal 9 Oktober
2020. 2020.
• Resource overview - ACOG [Internet]. Preterm (premature) labor and birth. https://www.acog.org/Womens-Health/PretermPremature-Labor-and-Birth diakses
pada tanggal 9 Oktober 2020. 2018.
TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI
Tokolisis
Nifedipin 10mg PO diulang 2-3 kali/jam.
Dilanjutkan tiap 8 jam sampai kontraksi hilang
Sepsis
• Tonse NKR. Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Infant: Research Needs. USA: HHS Public Access. 2014.
• Vrishali Suman and Euil E. Luther. Preterm Labor. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536939/ diakses pada tanggal 8 Oktober 2020. 2020.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics. Practice Bulletin No. 171: Management
of Preterm Labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Oct;128(4):e155-64.
• American Pregnancy Association. Delayed cord clamping: what are the risk and benefit.
https://americanpregnancy.org/labor-and-birth/delayed-cord-clamping-risks-benefits/ diakses pada tanggal 5 Mei 2020. 2019.
• Cunningham,FG., et al. Williams Obstetri 25 ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. 2018.
• Institute of Medicine. 2007. Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
• National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health (UK). Preterm Labour and Birth. NICE Guideline no. 25. 2015.
• Prawirohardjo, Sarwono. Ilmu Kebidanan. Jakarta: YBP-SP. 2016.
• Resource overview - ACOG [Internet]. Preterm (premature) labor and birth.
https://www.acog.org/Womens-Health/PretermPremature-Labor-and-Birth diakses pada tanggal 9 Oktober 2020. 2018.
• Ross MG, et al. Preterm labor. Internet [Medscape]. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/260998-overview#a5 di akses pada tanggal 5
Mei 2020. 2018.
• Stanford Children’s Health. Preterm Labor. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=preterm-labor-90-P02497 diakses pada
tanggal 9 Oktober 2020. 2020.
• Surya R dan Sri P. Persalinan Preterm. CDK Edisi Suplemen-1. Vol: 46. 2019.
• The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist (ACOG). Preterm labor and birth.
https://www.acog.org/patient-resources/faqs/labor-delivery-and-postpartum-care/preterm-labor-and-birth di akses pada tanggal 9 Oktober
2020. 2019.
• Tonse NKR. Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Infant: Research Needs. USA: HHS Public Access. 2014.
• University of Rochester Medical Center. Low Birth Weight. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/ diakses pada tanggal 10 Oktober
2020. 2020.
• Vrishali Suman and Euil E. Luther. Preterm Labor. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536939/ diakses pada tanggal 8 Oktober 2020.
2020.
• World Health Organization. WHO recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes. France: WHO. 2015.
• World Health Organization (WHO). Preterm Birth. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth di akses pada tanggal 8
Oktober 2020. 2018.
TERIMA KASIH