Analisis Masalah
a. Birth asphyxia
b. Thermal instability
a. Lack of primitive survival reflexes: suck, swallow, and gag with high incidence of milk
aspiration.
b. Jaundice
c. Pulmonary disease : apnoe, hyaline membrane disease, transient tachypnoea of newborn,
pneumothorax, pneumonia, Wilson-Mikity syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
d. Metabolic disturbances: hypoglycaemia, hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia, hyponatraemia,
hypernaetremia.
e. Patent ductus arteriosus : congestive heart failure.
f. Intracranial haemorrhage, especially intraventricular haemorrhage and subarachnoid
haemorrhage.
g. Susceptibility to infection
h. Gastrointestinal intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis
i. Opthalmic problems : retrolental fibroplasia, myopia, strabismus
j. Surgical lesions : undescended testes, inguinal and umbilical hernia
k. Haematological problems : haemorrhagic disease of prematurity, disseminated
intravascular coagulation, iron deficiency anaemia
l. Renal immaturity : inability to concentrate urine, and inability to excrete an acid load with
low renal bicarbonate threshold results in late (feeding) metabolic asidosis .