Joshua St. Louis MD, MPH, AAHIVS, Aimee R. Eden PhD, MPH, Zachary J.
Morgan MS, Tyler W. Barreto MD, Lars E. Peterson MD, PhD and Robert L.
Phillips MD, MSPH
PENERJEMAH
G2A220048
2020
HASIL TERJEMAH
Joshua St. Louis MD, MPH, AAHIVS, Aimee R. Eden PhD, MPH, Zachary J.
Morgan MS, Tyler W. Barreto MD, Lars E. Peterson MD, PhD and Robert L.
Phillips MD, MSPH
A. Abstrak
B. Pengantar
D. Hasil
Tingkat tanggapan tiap tahun adalah 67% sampai 68% dengan total
responden 6.483. Setelah pengecualian, dari 5.103 responden dalam sampel
kami, 153 menjawab bahwa mereka melahirkan bayi dan meresepkan
buprenorfin. Sebanyak 108 responden memberikan perawatan maternitas dan
meresepkan buprenorfin tetapi tidak melakukan persalinan. Lebih dari 60%
dari dokter keluarga ini adalah wanita. Lihat Tabel 1 untuk demografi
tambahan.
Tabel 1
Karakteristik Dokter Keluarga Karir Awal Meresepkan Buprenorfin dengan
Keterlibatan Dengan Perawatan Bersalin (N = 5,103)
Perawatan Baik Persalinan
Bersalin, Tidak atau Asuhan Jumlah (N =
Pengiriman (n
Melahirkan (n Bersalin (n = 5.103) Jumlah
= 829) No. (%)
= 619) Jumlah 3.655) Tidak. (%)
(%) (%)
Non- Non- Non- Non-
Prescr Prescri Prescrib Prescri
Prescri Prescri Prescri Prescri
iber ber er ber
ber ber ber ber
153 676 108 619 3,399 517 4.586
Total 256 (7.0)
(18,5) (81,5) (17.4) (82.6) (93,0) (10.1) (89,9)
Usia
rata- 35.2 34.9 36.1 35.6 36.4 35,9 36.0 35.7
rata (3.6) (3.4) (4.3) (4.0) (4.3) (4,5) (4.1) (4.3)
(SD)
Perem 96 454 69 323 131 1.944 296 2.721
puan (62,7) (67,2) (63,9) (63.2) (51.2) (57,2) (58,3) (59.3)
Gelar 137 558 102 434 217 2.758 456 3.750
MD (89,5) (82,5) (94,4) (84,9) (84,8) (81.1) (88,2) (81,8)
Lulusa
n 138 603 76 317 187 2.232 401 3.152
medis (90,2) (89.2) (70,4) (62.0) (73,0) (65.7) (77.6) (68,7)
AS
Lokasi 31 224 8 (7.4) 67 30 (11,7) 450 69 741
Perawatan Baik Persalinan
Bersalin, Tidak atau Asuhan Jumlah (N =
Pengiriman (n
Melahirkan (n Bersalin (n = 5.103) Jumlah
= 829) No. (%)
= 619) Jumlah 3.655) Tidak. (%)
(%) (%)
Non- Non- Non- Non-
Prescr Prescri Prescrib Prescri
Prescri Prescri Prescri Prescri
iber ber er ber
ber ber ber ber
prakte
k
(20.3) (33.1) (13.1) (13,2) (13,5) (16,7)
pedesa
an
MD = Dokter Pengobatan; AS = Amerika Serikat.
Catatan: Semua perbandingan dalam kategori keterlibatan perawatan bersalin
yang signifikan pada P <0,05 dengan ANOVA atau χ 2 tes.
E. Diskusi
Studi kami dibatasi oleh beberapa faktor. Pertama, tidak jelas bahwa
dokter yang berpartisipasi dalam perawatan wanita hamil dan meresepkan
buprenorfin harus menyediakan aspek perawatan ini kepada pasien yang
sama. Meskipun ukuran sampel kami secara keseluruhan besar, jumlah total
dokter keluarga ini kecil dan generalisasi karakteristik mereka ke populasi
yang lebih luas dari dokter tersebut tidak bijaksana. Akhirnya, kami
mengecualikan dokter keluarga yang tidak melakukan perawatan rawat jalan
yang mungkin mengecualikan dokter keluarga dengan ruang lingkup praktik
terbatas (misalnya, pekerja atau mereka yang bekerja di ruang gawat darurat)
yang mungkin memberikan perawatan OUD kepada wanita hamil.
O'Donnell JK, Gladden RM, Seth P: Tren kematian yang melibatkan heroin
dan opioid sintetis tidak termasuk metadon, dan laporan produk obat
penegakan hukum, menurut wilayah sensus - Amerika Serikat, 2006-
2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: hlm 897-903
Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Arias E: .2017. Pusat Statistik Kesehatan
Nasional Hyattsville, MD
Suzuki J, Connery HS, Ellison TV, Renner JA: Survei pendahuluan praktik
pengobatan opioid berbasis kantor dan sikap di antara psikiater yang
tidak pernah menerima pelatihan buprenorfin kepada mereka yang
menerima pelatihan selama residensi. Am J Addict 2014; 23: hlm.
618-622.
Sumber : Sebuah jurnal dari Joshua St. Louis MD, MPH, AAHIVS, Aimee R.
Eden PhD, MPH, Zachary J. Morgan MS, Tyler W. Barreto MD, Lars E. Peterson
MD, PhD and Robert L. Phillips MD, MSPH.
Data Penerjemah :
Keperawatan Pekalongan
NASKAH ASLI
Joshua St. Louis MD, MPH, AAHIVS, Aimee R. Eden PhD, MPH, Zachary J.
Morgan MS, Tyler W. Barreto MD, Lars E. Peterson MD, PhD and Robert L.
Phillips MD, MSPH
A. Abstract
B. Introduction
Morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use disorder (OUD)
has steadily increased in the United States in recent years, with deaths related
to opioid overdose increasing from 8,050 in 1999 to 42,249 in 2016.
The most recent epidemiological data from the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention have shown alarming spikes in overdose deaths
related to the sudden surge in availability of synthetic opiate analogues (most
notably fentanyl) with a corresponding increase in mortality in the last 3
years. Data focused on OUD among pregnant women shows that opioid-
related overdoses constitute a major contribution to pregnancy-related
mortality, in particular in the postpartum period. Across multiple studies, up
to 20% of pregnancy-related deaths are due to opioid overdose. Although
OUD is associated with ever-increasing morbidity and mortality, effective
treatments exist. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) consists of using 1 of
the 2 Federal Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications in
pregnancy (methadone or buprenorphine) for management of OUD.
Buprenorphine may be prescribed by a physician, nurse practitioner (NP), or
physician assistant (PA) with a Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) “X”
waiver (obtained by completing an 8-hour training course for physicians or a
24-hour training course for NPs and PAs) with management in the primary
care setting. Methadone is obtained by visiting a federally certified outpatient
treatment center daily to receive a dose and is not connected to primary care.
Given the integration with primary care and the less burdensome restrictions
on prescribing, buprenorphine has become the preferred treatment option for
OUD for many pregnant women. MAT has been shown in a number of
studies to decrease mortality from OUD as well as to decrease overdose,
acquisition of HIV and hepatitis C, and relapse, in comparison with
abstinence-based treatment and detoxification programs. Despite the efficacy
of MAT, only 10.6% of patients with OUD are receiving treatment. Women
with OUD still experience high rates of overdose and mortality, particularly
in the postpartum period.
Given the breadth of training of family physicians in the
biopsychosocial model, we sought to characterize the recently trained family
medicine workforce that may be providing buprenorphine to pregnant
patients.
C. Methods
We used data from the 2016, 2017, and 2018 National Family
Medicine Graduate Survey. The survey is administered annually by the
American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) to all Diplomates who
graduated from residency 3 years prior.
D. Results
The response rate for each year was 67% to 68% with 6,483 total
respondents. After exclusions, of the 5,103 respondents in our sample, 153
responded that they both deliver babies and prescribe buprenorphine. A
further 108 respondents provide maternity care and prescribe buprenorphine
but do not perform deliveries. More than 60% of these family physicians are
female. See Table 1 for additional demographics.
Table 1
Characteristics of Early Career Family Physicians Prescribing of
Buprenorphine by Involvement With Maternity Care (N = 5,103)
Neither
Maternity Care, Deliveries or
Deliveries (n = Total (N =
No Deliveries (n Maternity Care
829) No. (%) 5,103) No. (%)
= 619) No. (%) (n = 3,655) No.
(%)
Non- Non- Non- Non-
Prescri Prescri Prescri Prescri
Prescri Prescri Prescri Prescri
ber ber ber ber
ber ber ber ber
153 676 108 619 256 3,399 517 4,586
Total
(18.5) (81.5) (17.4) (82.6) (7.0) (93.0) (10.1) (89.9)
Avera
35.2 34.9 36.1 35.6 36.4 35.9 36.0 35.7
ge age
(3.6) (3.4) (4.3) (4.0) (4.3) (4.5) (4.1) (4.3)
(SD)
Femal 96 454 69 323 131 1,944 296 2,721
e (62.7) (67.2) (63.9) (63.2) (51.2) (57.2) (58.3) (59.3)
MD 137 558 102 434 217 2,758 456 3,750
Neither
Maternity Care, Deliveries or
Deliveries (n = Total (N =
No Deliveries (n Maternity Care
829) No. (%) 5,103) No. (%)
= 619) No. (%) (n = 3,655) No.
(%)
Non- Non- Non- Non-
Prescri Prescri Prescri Prescri
Prescri Prescri Prescri Prescri
ber ber ber ber
ber ber ber ber
degree (89.5) (82.5) (94.4) (84.9) (84.8) (81.1) (88.2) (81.8)
US
medic
138 603 76 317 187 2,232 401 3,152
al
(90.2) (89.2) (70.4) (62.0) (73.0) (65.7) (77.6) (68.7)
gradu
ate
Rural
practi
31 224 67 30 450 69 741
ce 8 (7.4)
(20.3) (33.1) (13.1) (11.7) (13.2) (13.5) (16.7)
locati
on
MD = Doctor of Medicine; US = United States.
Note: All comparisons within maternity care involvement category were
significant at P <.05 with ANOVA or χ 2 tests.
E. Discussion
O'Donnell JK, Gladden RM, Seth P: Trends in deaths involving heroin and
synthetic opioids excluding methadone, and law enforcement drug
product reports, by census region - United States, 2006-2015. MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: pp. 897-903.
Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Arias E: .2017.National Center for Health
StatisticsHyattsville, MD
Schiff DM, Nielsen T, Terplan M, et. al.: Fatal and nonfatal overdose among
pregnant and postpartum women in Massachusetts. Obstet Gynecol
2018; 132: pp. 466-474.
Mitchell KB, Maxwell L, Miller T: The national graduate survey for family
medicine. Ann Fam Med 2015; 13: pp. 595-596.
Rosenblatt RA, Andrilla CH, Catlin M, Larson EH: Geographic and specialty
distribution of US physicians trained to treat opioid use disorder. Ann
Fam Med 2015; 13: pp. 23-26.
Suzuki J, Connery HS, Ellison TV, Renner JA: Preliminary survey of office-
based opioid treatment practices and attitudes among psychiatrists
never receiving buprenorphine training to those who received training
during residency. Am J Addict 2014; 23: pp. 618-622.