Muhammad Ichsan
Dompu, 17 Desember 1969
Email : ichan_m1047@yahoo.com
0811-99-34-10
S1 T. MESIN – ITS SURABAYA “88 – 93”
• Praktisi Sawit, 1994 s/d sekarang.
• Dosen POLMAN ASTRA – JURUSAN TPHP,
2008 – 2012.
• PEMBICARA UTAMA WORKSHOP NASIONAL
“Up-Dating Teknologi Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit”, MEDIA
PERKEBUNAN, HOTEL BIDAKARA, 26 – 27 MEI 2010.
• PEMBICARA – PALM OIL SEMINAR
“Improving the Efficiency of Palm Oil Process and
Need of Right Palms and Valves for Various
Application”
Hotel ARYA DUTA – Jakarta, 28 April 2011.
• PEMBICARA – WORKSHOP PENGOLAHAN
KELAPA SAWIT 2017
“World Plantation Conferences and Exhibition
(WPLACE – 2017)”
Hotel Grand Sahid Jaya – Jakarta, 18 – 20 Okt 2017.
• PEMBICARA di berbagai WEBINAR, 2020 – 2021;
PRAKTISI POM, GAPKI dan PTPN.
 Sterilisation :
Kwalitas OK, Tput Yes !
 BASIC
KNOWLEDGE

1.Satuan.

2.Mass Balance.

3. Energy Balance
i1

VERTICAL STZ HORIZONTAL STZ OBLIQUE STZ

CONTINUOUS STZ SPHERICAL STZ

Slide 6

i1 ichsan; 23/07/2021
STERILISASI :
Adalah tahap pertama kali minyak
dan kernel dikutip, bila proses ini
gagal maka proses selanjutnya akan
bermasalah/gagal.

STZ THR PRS CLR KRN

STZ THR PRS CLR KRN
 PROCESS SCHEMATIC
FFB Stzed bunch
1 2
3
STERILISATION
THRESHING
Stzed fruit
Sludge
4
PRESSING
CLARIFICATION
6 PRESS

Empty bunch

5
Crude OIl 9
Cake

Oil 11
Kernel Nut KERNEL RECOVERY

Shell Fibre
 INNER
FRUIT
MIDLE
FRUIT
RACHIS
OUTER
FRUIT

SYARAT LEPASNYA BRONDOLAN DARI SPIKELET

ADALAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN STEAM PADA
TEKANAN ATMOSPHERE, TEMPERATUR 100 C
SELAMA 20 – 40 MENIT
Mongana Report – hal – 35 – (figure 55)

SYARAT MATINYA ENZYM LIPASE YANG

MENAIKKAN FFA ADALAH TEMPERATUR 55 oC
STORK PALM OIL REVIEW – hal – 3
 INNER
FRUIT
MIDLE
FRUIT
RACHIS
OUTER
FRUIT

MESOCARP

KERNEL

SHELL
 Input Proses Output

FFB matang Menonaktifkan FFA

Minimal memar Evaporasi 10 %

kandungan moisture di
mesocarp 10 % - 14 %.

Throughput
UDARA sebagai ISOLATOR
HEAT TRANSFER
#Udara sebagai ISOLATOR

TS Rachis
STEAM
A
TR

Area
perpindahan
panas
Udara di antara
brondolan
Udara di luar
buah
 Air layer
Air layer
Air Layer selalu menyelimuti permukaan suatu benda
 oven
Temp.
Rachis =
48 C

T = 100 oC
mTBS = 15 kg

Time = 6 hours

STUDY : GAMBARAN KONDUKTIVITAS (k) DARI UDARA

Bejana dgn steam

Temp.
Rachis =
51 C
T = 135 - 140 oC
P = 3.5 kg/cm2 abs
Mongana Report
mTBS = 15 kg
Hal-37
Time = 6 hours
 4

Absolute Presure ( Kg/cm2)

3

120ºC

2 110ºC

Temp in the rachis oC

100ºC

90ºC
Insufficient heating.
Time Consuming 80ºC
air evacuating
70ºC
1 Atmospheric Pressure
To be compared 60ºC
with Pg.2
50ºC

40ºC

30ºC

10 20 30 40 50
Time (in minutes)

Heat Penetration Into The Rachis

Sterilization With 2 Air Evacuation
(Mongana Report hal 41 – figure 10)
 3

Absolute Presure ( Kg/cm2)

120ºC

Temp in the Rachis oC

2 110ºC

100ºC

Compared 90ºC
to previous
Efficent heating of
graphic
the bunches, quick 80ºC
air evacuation
70ºC
1
Atmospheric Pressure
60ºC

50ºC

40ºC

30ºC

10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (in minutes)
Penetration of heat into the rachis
sterilization with 1 air evacuation
(Mongana Report hal 42 – figure 11)
 4
Pressure

3
130ºC
Absolute Presure ( Kg/Cm2)

120ºC

110ºC

2 100ºC

90ºC

Insufficient heating Time 80ºC

Consuming air evacuaating
1 70ºC

Air readmitted into the sterilliser Atmospheric Pressure 60ºC

50ºC

Temperature of the rachis 40ºC

30ºC

20 40 60 80 100 120 ( Time/Minutes )

Penetration of heat in the rachis air

evacuation followed by air
readmission into the sterillizer
(Mongana Report 42a – figure 12)
 Analysis of the blow off steam againtst time
Triple peak sterillization in 7.5 tonnes sterilliser sweeping and large troughput blow off

OUTER FRUIT
32 RACHIS
ltr Air/Kg Steam

MIDDLE FRUIT

8 INNER FRUIT

Blowdown trought airvent

2
Blowdown trought airvent

Sweeping Blowdown

3
0.5 Kg/Cm2 (gauge)

Normal Blowdown

Normal Blowdown

Sweeping
B
Sweeping

2
D
Continuous blow off

A 10 C 20 E 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (Minutes)
Komposisi – Campuran udara :
steam (liter : kg) setelah beberapa
saat SWEEPING di HORIZONTAL
STERILISER
Mongana Report – hal 48

ATAS
0.1 ltr/kg

TENGAH
10.1 ltr/kg

BAWAH
200 ltr/kg
 steam  0.598 kg/m 3 , p  1 atm, T  100 o C
 udara  1.043 kg/m 3 , p  1 atm, T  50 o C
 contoh 1 :

Peak 1 dan 2 masing-masing 2

kg/cm2 (gage)

Tekanan Tekanan
Tahap gage Absolut komposisi Jumlah Udara keterangan

A 0 1 udara 1 start-up

1/3 Udr + 2/3

B 2 1+2 Steam 1 puncak peak 1

1/3 Udr + 2/3 Deaeration

C 0 1/3 +2/3 =1 Steam 1/3 peak 1

1/3 + 2/3 1/3 udr + 2/3

D 2 +6/3=3 steam + 1/3 puncak peak 2
B D
6/3 steam

1/9 udr + 8/9 Deaeration

E 0 1/9 +8/9=1 steam 1/9 peak 2

A C E
GAS IDEAL,
pV =nRT B D

A C E

Partikel udara

(A) Partikel steam

(B)
p = 0 barg = 1 bar-a p = 2 barg = 3 bar-a
p = 1 bar ≈ n p = 3 bar ≈ 3n = n + 2n
 GAS IDEAL,
pV =nRT

(D)
p = 2 barg = 3 bar-a
p = 3 bar ≈ 3n = 1/3 n + 2/3 n + 2n
(C)
p = 0 barg = 1 bar-a
p = 3 bar ≈ 3n = 1/3 n + 8/3 n
(E)
B D
p = 1 bar ≈ n = 1/3 n + 2/3 n p = 0 barg = 1 bar-a
p = 1 bar ≈ n = 1/9 n + 8/9 n

A C E
 GAS IDEAL,
pV =nRT SHORT CUT CALCULATING
Peak 1 dan 2 masing-masing 2 kg/cm2 (gage)

nUDARA = C E
A x x
B D

B D 0 1 0 1
 (0  1) x x
2 1 2 1
1

A C E 9
 contoh 2 :

Peak 1 dan 2 masing-masing

3 kg/cm2 (gage)

Tekanan Tekanan
Tahap gage Absolut komposisi Sisa Udara keterangan

A 0 1 udara 1 start-up

1/4 Udr + 3/4

B 3 1+3 Steam 1 puncak peak 1

1/4 Udr + 3/4 Deaeration

C 0 1/4 +3/4 =1 Steam 1/4 peak 1

1/4+3/4 1/4 udr + 3/4

D 3 +12/4=4 steam + 1/4 puncak peak 2
B D 12/4 steam

1/16 udr+15/16 Deaeration

E 0 1/16 +15/16=1 steam 1/16 peak 2

A C E
 GAS IDEAL,
pV =nRT SHORT CUT CALCULATING
Peak 1 dan 2 masing-masing 3 kg/cm2 (gage)

C E
Sisa Udara = A x x
B D

B D 0 1 0 1
 (0  1) x x
3 1 3 1
1

A C E 16
HEAT TRANSFER
HEAT TRANSFER
Horizontal Steriliser

udara isolator

STEAM

CAGES

BODY STZ

CONDENSATE
HEAT LOSS
PIPA CONDENSAT DAN DEAERASI

Ø 1”
Ø 2”
150 80 150
Convergen divergen nozzle di steriliser

Steam Trap
HEAT TRANSFER
Vertical Steriliser

udara isolator

STEAM

BODY STZ

CONDENSATE
HEAT LOSS
STEAM FLOW CHART – POM
SUPERHEATED BOILER
P = 21 bar abs P = 21 bar abs
T = 215 OC T = 260 OC
3b 4

SUPER HEATER
P = 21 bar abs P = 19 bar abs
3a T = 100 OCc T = 250 OC
5 STEAM P = 21 bar abs
SEPARATOR T = 260 OC

P = 21 bar abs
BOILER TURBIN 4
T = 80 OC
2
~
MAKE UP STEAM
P = 1 bar abs
1
T = 80 OC

P = 4 bar abs
T = 150 OC
6 9
P = 4 bar abs
TO STERILISER
T = 143.6 OC
FEED WATER PUMP
P = 1 bar abs TO PROCESS
T = 80 OCc
7

8
MAKE-UP P = 4 bar abs BACK PRESSURE VESSEL
T = 80 OC
WATER
PUMP
SUPERHEATED BOILER

Sensible heat
= m cp Δt Latent
heat Sensible heat =
m cp Δt
2 3a 3b 4

8
6
9

1a
7 LATENT HEAT FOR
STERILISATION
 STEAM FLOW CHART – POM
SATURATED BOILER
P = 21 bar abs
T = 215 OC
3b

P = 21 bar abs P = 19 bar abs

3a T = 100 OCc T = 209 OC
5 STEAM
SEPARATOR

BOILER TURBIN
P = 21 bar abs
T = 80 OC
2
~
P = 1 bar abs MAKE UP STEAM
T = 80 OC
1 P = 4 bar abs
T = 143.6 OC
P = 4 bar abs
Camp 90%
6 TO STERILISER 9
FEED WATER PUMP
STEAM TRAP TO PROCESS

BACK PRESSURE VESSEL

SATURATED BOILER

2 3a 3b

s = konstan

6 9

1a
LATENT HEAT FOR
STERILISATION
HEAT TRANSFER
Continuous Steriliser

udara isolator
Cp, TBS = 0.6 kcal/kg oC

Cp, TBS = 2.52 kj/kg oC

STEAM STORK PALM OIL REVIEW – hal 23

BODY STZ

Cp,f = 4,217 kj/kg oC CONDENSATE

HEAT LOSS
CONTINUOUS STERILISATION
SUPERHEATED BOILER
P = 21 bar abs P = 21 bar abs
T = 215 OC T = 260 OC
3b 4

SUPER HEATER
P = 21 bar abs P = 19 bar abs
3a T = 100 OCc T = 250 OC
5 STEAM P = 21 bar abs
SEPARATOR T = 260 OC

P = 21 bar abs
BOILER TURBIN 4
T = 80 OC
2
~
MAKE UP STEAM
P = 1 bar abs
1
T = 80 OC
9
P = 4 bar abs
P = 1 bar abs
T = 150 OC
6 TO STERILISER T = 105 OC

FEED WATER PUMP

TO PROCESS

BACK PRESSURE VESSEL

CS - SUPERHEATED STEAM

Sensible heat
= m cp Δt Latent
heat Sensible heat =
m cp Δt
2 3a 3b 4

6
Pressure
drop
1a
7 LATENT HEAT FOR 9

STERILISATION
 CONTINUOUS STERILISATION

P = 21 bar abs
SATURATED BOILER
T = 215 OC
3b

P = 21 bar abs P = 19 bar abs

3a T = 100 OCc T = 209 OC
5 STEAM
SEPARATOR

BOILER TURBIN
P = 21 bar abs
T = 80 OC
2
~
P = 1 bar abs MAKE UP STEAM
T = 80 OC
1 P = 1 bar abs
T = 100 OC
P = 4 bar abs
Camp 90%
6 TO STERILISER 9
FEED WATER PUMP
STEAM TRAP TO PROCESS

BACK PRESSURE VESSEL

CS - SATURATED STEAM

2 3a 3b

s = konstan

6
Pressure
drop
1a 9

LATENT HEAT FOR

STERILISATION
STEAM COMSUMPTION
 Instantaneous throughput of steam during a triple peak sterillization of one
tonne of bunches ( consumption limited to 1000 kg/hour )
Mongana Report hal 83 (figure 22)

1000

800
100Kg of steam
Kg of steam/hour per tonne of

600
Total Consumption : about 260 kg
bunches

400 Zona of variable throughput

0 to 200 kg/hour

200

3
Kg/Cm2

0
10 20 30 40 50 60

Time (Minute)
 STERILISATION TRIPPLE PEAK
4

DEAERATION PENETRATION B.O

3
2.8
Relative Presure ( Kg/cm2)

HOLDING TIME
130ºC
2.2 120ºC

2 110ºC
1.8

Temp in the rachis oC

100ºC

90ºC

80ºC

70ºC
1

60ºC

50ºC

40ºC

30ºC

15 30 45 60 75 90 O-C
Time (in minutes)
 Analysis of the blow off steam againtst time
Triple peak sterillization in 7.5 tonnes sterilliser sweeping and large troughput blow off

OUTER FRUIT
32 RACHIS
ltr Air/Kg Steam

MIDDLE FRUIT

8 INNER FRUIT

Blowdown trought airvent

2
Blowdown trought airvent

Sweeping Blowdown

3
0.5 Kg/Cm2 (gauge)

Normal Blowdown

Normal Blowdown

Sweeping
B
Sweeping

2
D
Continuous blow off

A 10 C 20 E 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (Minutes)
EVAPORATION
Where & When ?
 EVAPORATION in STERILISATION
4
Relative Presure ( Kg/cm2)

3
2.8

130ºC
2.2 120ºC

2 110ºC
1.8

Temp in the rachis oC

100ºC

90ºC

80ºC

70ºC
1

60ºC

50ºC

40ºC

30ºC

15 30 45 60 75 90

Time (in minutes)

 EVAPORATION in STERILISATION

3 2.8
130ºC
2.2 120ºC

Temp in the rachis oC

2 110ºC
1.8 100ºC
Relative Presure ( Kg/cm2)

90ºC
80ºC

1 70ºC
60ºC
50ºC
40ºC

30ºC
15 30 45 60 75 90
Time (in minutes)

2
Hasil perebusan yang optimal untuk
mendapatkan pengutipan minyak
dimana kandungan moisture di
pericarp 10 % - 14 %.
STORK – PALM OIL REVIEW hal 15
STEAM COMSUMPTION
Pressurize vs Atmospheric
STERILIZATION
Pressure Sterilisation
Evaporation 10 % Latent heat diserap buah

TBS out =
85 C
TBS in =
Small vertical stz cap 1 ton
30 C FFB. Max temp of steam
130 C.

Cp = 0.6 kcal/kg oC
Sensible heat diterima buah Cp = 2.52 kj/kg oC
 MOLLIER CHART

T = 130 C
T = 30 C

T = 85 C

∆T Laten heat
diberi
steam
P = 2.7 bar

P = 1 bar

Sensible Latent heat

heat diserap diserap TBS
TBS

h85 hf,130 hg,130

hf,85
Pressure Sterilisation
Evaporation 10 % Latent heat diserap buah
QL = 100 kg x (hg,130 – hf,85) kJ/kg
QL = 100 x (2718.9 – 355.75)
QL = 236,315 kJ

TBS out =
85 C
TBS in =
Small vertical stz cap 1 ton
30 C FFB. Max temp of steam
130 C.

Sensible heat diterima buah Latent heat steam T = 130 C

Qfg = (hg,130 – hf,130) kJ/kg
QS = 900 kg x 2.52 kJ/kg oC x (85 – 30) C
Qfg = (2718.9 - 546.11) kJ/kg
QS = 124,740 kJ
Qfg = 2173 kJ/kg
Pressure Sterilisation
Panas Total yang diterima oleh 1000 kg FFB :

= Sensible heat diterima buah + Latent heat diserap buah

QS = 124,740 kj QL = 236,315 kj

= 361,055 kj

Steam Consumption (kgs steam/ton FFB) :

Sensible heat diterima buah + Latent heat diserap buah
=
Latent heat steam T = 130 C

= 361,055 kj / 2173 kj/kg = 166 kgs steam/ton FFB

 Atmospheric Sterilisation

TBS in
30 C

Evaporation 3 %

TBS out
85 C
 MOLLIER CHART

T = 30 C

T = 85 C

T = 100 C
∆T

Laten heat
diberi
steam
P=
P =1
1 bar
bar

Sensible Latent heat

heat diserap TBS
diserap
TBS

hf,130
h85 hg,130
hf,85
Atmospheric Sterilisation
Latent heat diserap buah
QL = 30 kg x (hg,100 – hf,85) kJ/kg
QL = 30 x (2674.9 – 355.75)
Evaporation 3 %
QL = 69,575 kJ

TBS out =
85 C
TBS in =
Actual continues stz. Max
30 C temp of steam 100 C, in 1
ton FFB

Sensible heat diterima buah Latent heat steam T = 130 C

Qfg = (hg,100 – hf,100) kJ/kg
QS = 970 kg x 2.52 kJ/kg oC x (85 – 30) C
Qfg = (2674.9 - 418.87) kJ/kg
QS = 134,442 kJ
Qfg = 2256 kJ/kg
Panas Total yang diterima oleh 1000 kg FFB :

= Sensible heat diterima buah + Latent heat diserap buah

QS = 134,442 kJ QL = 69,575 kJ

= 204,017 kj

Steam Consumption (kgs steam/ton FFB) :

Sensible heat diterima buah + Latent heat diserap buah
=
Latent heat steam T = 100 C

= 204,017 kj / 2256 kj/kg = 90 kgs steam/ton FFB

 DAYA SERAP PANAS
PRESSURE STERILISATION (PS)
VS
ATMOSPHERIC STERILISATION (AS) :

PS/AS = 166/90 = 1.84

PS = 1.84 X AS
“Pressure sterilisation daya serap panas dari steam lebih
effektif 1.84 kali dibandingkan dengan Atmospheric
Sterilisation”
Inilah mengapa di Atmospheric Sterilisation untuk
mematangkan lagi fruits disterilisasi di POST HEATING
COOKER, sebelum masuk ke DIGESTER dan
PRESSING.
 Input Proses Output

FFB matang Menonaktifkan FFA

Minimal memar Evaporasi 10 %

kandungan moisture di
mesocarp 10 % - 14 %.

Throughput
Steam DISUPLAY 250 -
300 kg steam/ton FFB

Steam DISERAP oleh

buah 166 kg steam/ton
FFB
THROUGHPUT
 COST

TIME

SPACE

U
P

CC x n C x n S x 60
THROUGHPUT STZ 
CT
D
Keterangan: O Ratio Konstan  0.25  0.30
TP STZ : Throughput W
TON STEAM
N
Sterilizer (TPH) 
TON TBS
Cc : Cage Capacity
Nc : Number of Cage Tambah supply steam
Ns : Number of • Kapasitas Boiler +
Sterilizer
• Make up steam +
CT : Cycle Time Mempercepat
60 : Constanta Ratio  0.25  0.30 •Jalur pipa bpv to stz 2X
Feeding & Discharge • By Pass Stz P3 to P1
TON STEAM

TON TBS
Mempercepat serapan panas
• Antara brondolan lebih
renggang
•Area Serapan panas (2x)
• Radius penetrasi panas
FFB Crusher Splitter
semakin kecil.
 STEAM FLOW CHART – POM
SUPERHEATED BOILER

P = 21 bar abs P = 21 bar abs

T = 215 OC T = 260 OC
3b 4

SUPER HEATER
P = 21 bar abs P = 19 bar abs
3a T = 215 OC T = 250 OC
5 STEAM SEPARATOR P = 21 bar abs
T = 260 OC

P = 21 bar abs
BOILER TURBIN 4
T = 80 OC
2
~
P = 1 bar abs MAKE UP STEAM
T = 80 OC
1 P = 4 bar abs
T = 143.6 OC
P = 4 bar abs
T = 150 OC
6 TO STERILISER 9
FEED WATER PUMP
P = 1 bar abs TO PROCESS
T = 80 OCc
7

8
BACK PRESSURE VESSEL
MAKE-UP P = 4 bar abs
T = 80 OC
WATER PUMP

Steam Proses (m9) = Steam ke turbin (m5-6) + steam by pass (m4)

MAKE UP STEAM VALVE - BPV
Menambah jalur Pipa Steam Distribusi Inlet dari BPV ke STZ

Kedua pipa
disambung
 Cycle Time (lebih cepat) dengan
“Menambah Supply Steam”

Penetration Blow off

Deaeration

Holding Time
PRESSURE

Open - close
Open - close
TIME

Cycle Normal Hemat waktu

Cycle Speed Up
(steam ditambah)
BY PASS STERILIZER

(exhaust peak 3 stz #1 to start up steam inlet peak 1 stz #1)

By Pass steriliser
Tahap-tahap Menaikkan Throughput Steriliser

1. Tentukan Throughput Steriliser

2. Tentukan Cycle Time

C C x n C x n S x 60
Cycle Time  CT 
Throughput Stz

3. Tentukan Interval waktu antara steriliser

CT
Interval waktu 
ns
 Cycle Time

Stz #1

Stz #2

Interval
waktu

Stz #3

Interval
waktu
GRAFIK BPV 3.2 BARG KONSTAN
(THROUGHPUT 50 TPH)
 OPERATIONAL IMPROVEMENT
MENAIKKAN THROUGHPUT DARI 30 KE 50 TPH

Cycle Time

Stz #1

Stz #2

Interval
waktu

Stz #3

Interval
waktu
SPLITTER
Problem faced by Palm Oil Mills - High percentage of Unstripped Bunches (USBs)
Typical Unstripped Bunches are :

Big Bunches Hard & Compact Bunches

Page 6
Under Ripe Bunches Undeveloped Bunches
SPLITTER

Splitter
 Analysis of the blow off steam againtst time
Triple peak sterillization in 7.5 tonnes sterilliser sweeping and large troughput blow off

OUTER FRUIT
32 TS RACHIS
ltr Air/Kg Steam

MIDDLE FRUIT

8 INNER FRUIT

TR

Blowdown trought airvent

2
Blowdown trought airvent

w/ SPLITTER
Sweeping Blowdown

3
0.5 Kg/Cm2 (gauge)

Normal Blowdown

Normal Blowdown

Sweeping
B
Sweeping

2
D
Continuous blow off

A 10 C 20 E 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (Minutes)
 Cycle Time lebih cepat
dengan double Peak (Splitter)

Penetration Blow off

Deaeration

Holding Time
PRESSURE

Open - close
Open - close
TIME

Cycle Normal Hemat waktu

Cycle Speed Up
(steam ditambah)
 STERILISATION Double Peak with SPLITTER
4

DEAERATION PENETRATION B.O

3
2.8
Relative Presure ( Kg/cm2)

HOLDING TIME
130ºC
2.2 120ºC

110ºC
2
1.8
100ºC

Temp in the rachis oC

90ºC

80ºC

70ºC
1
60ºC

50ºC

40ºC

30ºC

15 30 45 60 75 90 O-C
Time (in minutes)
 Cycle Time lebih cepat
dengan Triple Peak (Splitter)

Penetration Blow off

Deaeration

Holding Time
PRESSURE

Open - close
Open - close
TIME

Cycle Normal Hemat waktu

Cycle Speed Up
(steam ditambah)
 FROM FFB FEEDING
CONVEYOR

BUNCH
CONDITIONER

TWO DECK
INLET FLAP VALVE LIVE STEAM CONVEYOR
INJECTION

OULET FLAP VALVE

STERILISED
BUNCHES TO THRESHER
FFB CRUSHER
 Analisa Buah Memar vs FFA
Sebelum Crusher Setelah Crusher
Kriteria Sample KG TBS Jumlah Pecah
Jumlah Memar Jumlah Memar
11 17 36 138 2
12 19 53 126 4
13 18 37 120 5
Besar
14 24 56 131 3
15 22 42 118 7
Rata Rata 20 44,8 126,6 4,2
Keterangan Kriteria Buah Besar
BJR 20 Kg
1kg 70 Brondolan
Empty Bunch 25 %

Berat Brondolan 15 Kg
Jumlah Brondolan 1050 Brondolan

Memar Setelah Cruser 126,6

Memar Sebelum Cruser 44,8

FFA Komposit 3,31

 Grafik FFA Brondolan memar Vs Waktu
9,00
8,00
7,00
6,00
5,00
% FFA

4,00
3,00
2,00
1,00
0,00
AWAL 5 menit 10 menit 20 menit 30 menit 60 menit
Brondolan Luar 2,86 3,35 4,11 4,56 4,85 6,12
Brondolan Tengah 2,59 4,01 4,37 4,92 5,05 8,03
Brondolan Dalam 2,16 4,58 5,13 5,45 6,65 8,28
 FREE FATTY ACID IN MESOCARP FOLLOWING CRUSHING
By VAN HEURN Page 610 “ THE OIL PALM”
FFA %
5.0

4.0
1. Minimal bruising of fruit from harvesting carriage
and movement to the mill
2. Minimal time between harvesting and sterilising
3. Efficient processing and storage / hygiene
3.0

FIRST DETERMINATION
2.0 QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE AFTER CRUSHING

1.0
FRESH MESOCRAP NOT CRUSHED

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
MINUTES AFTER CRUSHING
1 2 3

4
FFA FORMATION
STOPS
5

MAXIMUM HANDLING ALLOWED

 COMPARISON VARIOUS OF STZ TO BUNCH CONDITION

Items Length Area of Pressure Holding Cycle

of Heat (abs) time (min) Time
penetra transfer (min)
sion

Pressurize HS R A 4 35 – 45 95 -100

Pressurize - R A 4 35 60 - 65
VS

CS + ffb ¼R 2A 1 72 - 80 72 - 80
crusher

Pressurize HS ¼R 2A 4 20 - 30 60 – 65
+ splitter

Pressurize VS ¼R 2A 4 20 - 25 45 - 50
+ splitter