Oleh
Angkatan 2A Baru
PENDAHULUAN
Fungsi
Dekompresi
Diversi
Waktu
sementara
permanen
Tipe Kolostomi
Loop colostomy
Kolon dikeluarkan dalam bentuk loop
Lebih sederhana, cepat, Spill-over ke distal (+)
Double-barrel colostomy
Terpisah, Spill-over (+)
End colostomy
Stoma pada kolon proksimal
Spill-over (-).
TIPE-TIPE STOMA
ILEOSTOMI
2.3-17% incidence
Ranges from harmless mucosal sloughing to
frank Necrosis
Causes
Aggressive stripping of mesentery
Stenotic fascia defect
Extensive tension
Assess depth of necrosis
Necrosis beyond fascial defect warrants
immediate reconstruction
Consider End loop
TUGAS
Stoma Ischemia/Necrosis
Stoma Ischemia/Necrosis
Ischemic Stomas
Many stomas may initially appear edematous and congested after stomal
creation due to mechanical trauma and the compression of the small
mesenteric vessels as they traverse the abdominal wall.
This often resolves within a few days to weeks after surgery. If there is
concern about bowel viability after surgery, one can simply insert a glass test
tube or sigmoidoscope into the stoma in order to determine if the bowel is
viable beneath the tip of the stoma. If the stoma is viable at the fascial level,
then the patient may be carefully observed.
However, if there is question about the viability of the stoma at the fascial
level, the patient should be returned to the operating room in order to
undergo stoma revision.
Starting on the first operative day, inspection of the bowel through the
transparent bag, or directly, is a must.
If a dark or black mucosa is seen, it is important to evaluate, under good
light, or even an anoscope, the depth of the ischemia.
That is, how far does the blackness extend down the lumen of the stoma? If
it is superficial (involving only the end of the stoma), one does not have to
worry too much, although it may lead to some retraction and subsequent
stenosis. But, if it is deep and goes beyond the level ofthe fascia,
intervention is mandatory and implies a re-laparotomy and better
mobilization of the exteriorized colon to achieve a new, well-perfused
colostomy.
Trying simply to pull the colon outward through the hole can be dangerous.
Klinis :
1. Digital rectal examination,
a) Resting tone
b) Squezze pressure
2. Anorectal Manometry (ARM)
TUGAS