Judul
Disusun Oleh:
Plak dan
01 03
Virus Herpes
kalkulus
Plak/kalkulus merupakan awal 12 studi case control menunjukkan
mula penyebab gingivitis yang bahwa virus herpes simples tipe 1
dapat berlanjut menjadi berkaitan dengan periodontitits
periodontitis
● Menggosok gigi dapat mengurangi plak gigi. Tipe sikat gigi elektrik terutama yang dapat menyikat
secara memutar dan berosilasi dapat meningkatkan tingkat kebersihan gigi dari plak dan mengurangi
gingivitis.
● penggunaan sikat intradental menunjukan hasil yang sangat efektif dalam menghilangkan plak
● Minyak esensial yang mengandung obat kumur dan chlorhexidine juga menunjukan hasil yang
efektif dalam mengurangi jumlah dari plak pada gigi dan mengurangi angka kejadian gingivitis
● Pada pasien yang memiliki gangguan mulut berbau busuk, pengobatan menggunakan obat kumur
chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, dan zinc atau kombinasi dari cetylpyridinium chloride dan
zinc chloride bersifat membantu
● Penggunaan probiotik, terutama yang mengandung Lactobacillus reuteri (L reuteri), sebagai terapi
tambahan dari tatalaksana scaling and root planning (SRP) menunjukan manfaat jangka pendek
dalam manajemen periodontitis kronik
Pencegahan dan Manajemen
● Rekomendasi dari The 11th European Workshop on Periodontology
● Sikat gigi dua kali sehari selama dua menit dengan sikat gigi elektrik yang menggunakan pasta
gigi yang mengandung fluoride
● Pada gingival yang sehat penggunaan dental floss dapat dilakukan dengan kontak yang lebih erat
dengan gingival
● Pada jaringan gingival yang mengalami inflamasi yang beresiko trauma akibat menggunakan
dental floss dapat digunakan sikat interproximal
● Menggunakan obat kumur kimia yang dapat mengkontrol plak
Panduan Praktik Berdasarkan American Dental
Association’s Clinical
• SRP tanpa terapi tambahan atau SRP dengan antimikrobial subdosis sistemik
doxycycline menberikan hasil terapi yang baik
• Rekomendasi dosis doxycycline yang dianjurkan adalah 20 mg dua kali sehari selama
tiga hingga sembilan bulan
• Terapi tambahan lain yang direkomendasikan meskipun memiliki tingkat kepercayaan
lebih rendah adalah :
• SRP dengan antimikrobial sistemik,
• antimikrobial local (kepingan chlorhexidine)
• terapi photodynamic (PDT) menggunakan laser diode
Antibiotik Sistemik
• Kombinasi dari amoxicillin dan metronidazole dalam jangka waktu pendek dengan
terapi SRP terutama pada pasien dengan kantung periodontal yang memiliki
kedalaman lebih dari 6 mm menunjukan hasil yang siginifikan.
• Kombinasi yang sama juga menunjukan hasil yang bermanfaat dalam manajemen
periodontitis yang bersifat agresif.
• Azithromycin juga menunjukan hasil yang baik dalam meningkatkan hasil keluaran
terapi bila digunakan sebagai terapi tambahan dari SRP.
• Azithromycin juga menunjukan hasil yang efektif dalam manajemen pertumbuhan
gingival berlebihan akibat induksi cyclosporine.
Terapi Operasi Periodontal
○ Pada saat terapi inisial non operasi menggunakan SRP dan terapi
tambahan lain gagal dalam memperbaiki keadaan periodontitis setelah
evaluasi ulang, maka tindakan operasi diindikasikan.
○ Operasi bagian tulang menunjukan perbaikan CAL yang lebih baik bila
dibandingkan dengan tindakan SRP pada bagian periodontal dengan
kantung yang lebih dalam dari 7 mm.
○ Pada beberapa scenario seperti pada defek periodontal antar tulang
dengan dinding tulang yang baik, terapi periodontal regeneratif dapat
menunjukan hasil yang bermanfaat.
Kesehatan Personal
Validity
Penelitian ini merupakan narrative review, peneliti
sudah memilih tinjauan yang relevan dan sesuai
dengan penelitian.
Importance
Jurnal ini menjabarkan informasi evidence-based terbaru dari
diagnosis dari gingivitis dan periodontitis secara komprehensif,
dengan mengulasi kembali tentang etiopatogenesis penyakit untuk
pendekatan diagnosis, dan anjuran terapi yang individualized antar
pasien serta langkah-langkah pencegahan penyakit.
Applicability
Jurnal ini, yang disusun dari update terbaru terkait gingivitis dan periodontis
hingga 2018, dapat menjadi referensi bagi klinisi untuk diagnosis, pemberian
tata laksana, serta langkah pencegahan gingivitis dan periodontis.
Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles – SANRA
Analisis
Justification of the article’s importance for the readership
(0) The importance is not justified
(1) The importance is allued to, but no explicity justified 0
(2) The importance is explicity justified
SANRA
Statement of concrete aims or formulation of questions
(0) No aims or question are formulated
(1) Aims are formulated generally but not concretely or in terms of clear questions 0
(2) One or more concrete aims or questions are formulated
Referencing
(0) Key statements are not supported by references
(1) The referencing of key statements is inconsistent 2
(2) Key statements are supported by references
Scientific reasoning
(0) The article’s point is not based on appropriate arguments
(1) Appropriate evidence is introduced selectively 2
(2) Appropriate evidence is generally present
Daftar Pustaka
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55. Araujo MWB, Charles CA, Weinstein RB, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of an 70. Behdin S, Monje A, Lin GH, et al. Effectiveness of laser application for periodontal
essential oil-containing mouthrinse on gingivitis and plaque. J Am Dent Assoc surgical therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2015;
2015;146(8):610–22. 86(12):1352–63.
56. James P, Worthington HV, Parnell C, et al. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse as an 71. Zandbergen D, Slot DE, Niederman R, et al. The concomitant administration of
adjunctive treatment for gingival health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole compared to scaling and root planing
2017;(3):CD008676. alone in treating periodontitis: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2016;16:27.
57. Slot DE, De Geest S, van der Weijden FA, et al. Treatment of oral malodour. 72. Keestra JA, Grosjean I, Coucke W, et al. Non-surgical periodontal therapy with
Medium-term efficacy of mechanical and/or chemical agents: a systematic review. systemic antibiotics in patients with untreated aggressive periodontitis: a systematic
J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S303–16. review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2015;50(6):689–706.
58. Matsubara VH, Bandara HM, Ishikawa KH, et al. The role of probiotic bacteria in 73. Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Bian X. Clinical effect of azithromycin as an adjunct to nonsurgical
managing periodontal disease: a systematic review. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther treatment of chronic periodontitis: a meta-analysis of randomized
2016;14(7):643–55. controlled clinical trials. J Periodontal Res 2016;51(3):275–83.
59. Martin-Cabezas R, Davideau JL, Tenenbaum H, et al. Clinical efficacy of probiotics 74. Buset SL, Zitzmann NU, Weiger R, et al. Non-surgical periodontal therapy supplemented
as an adjunctive therapy to non-surgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis: with systemically administered azithromycin: a systematic review of
a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2016;43(6): RCTs. Clin Oral Investig 2015;19(8):1763–75.
520–30. 75. Ramalho VL, Ramalho HJ, Cipullo JP, et al. Comparison of azithromycin and oral
60. Gruner D, Paris S, Schwendicke F. Probiotics for managing caries and periodontitis: hygiene program in the treatment of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2016;48:16–25. Ren Fail 2007;29:265–70.
61. Tonetti MS, Chapple IL, Jepsen S, et al. Primary and secondary prevention of 76. Eberhard J, Jepsen S, Jervøe-Storm PM, et al. Full-mouth treatment modalities
periodontal and peri-implant diseases: Introduction to, and objectives of the (within 24 hours) for chronic periodontitis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst
11th European Workshop on Periodontology consensus conference. J Clin Periodontol Rev 2015;(4):CD004622.
2015;42(Suppl 16):S1–4. 77. Polak D, Martin C, Sanz-Sa´nchez I, et al. Are anti-inflammatory agents effective in
62. Tonetti MS, Eickholz P, Loos BG, et al. Principles in prevention of periodontal diseases: treating gingivitis as solo or adjunct therapies? A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol
consensus report of group 1 of the 11th European Workshop on Periodontology 2015;42(Suppl 16):S139–51.
on effective prevention of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. J Clin 78. Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Lang NP. Surgical and nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S5–11. Learned and unlearned concepts. Periodontol 2000 2013;62(1):218–31.
63. Sanz M, Ba¨umer A, Buduneli N, et al. Effect of professional mechanical plaque 79. Mailoa J, Lin GH, Khoshkam V, et al. Long-term effect of four surgical periodontal
removal on secondary prevention of periodontitis and the complications of therapies and one non-surgical therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
gingival and periodontal preventive measures: consensus report of group 4 of J Periodontol 2015;86(10):1150–8.
the 11th European Workshop on Periodontology on effective prevention of periodontal 80. Matarasso M, Iorio-Siciliano V, Blasi A, et al. Enamel matrix derivative and bone
and peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16): grafts for periodontal regeneration of intrabony defects. A systematic review
S214–20. and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2015;19(7):1581–93.
64. Chapple IL, Van der Weijden F, Doerfer C, et al. Primary prevention of periodontitis: 81. Lee CT, Huang HY, Sun TC, et al. Impact of patient compliance on tooth loss during
managing gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S71–6. supportive periodontal therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
65. Smiley CJ, Tracy SL, Abt E, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the J Dent Res 2015;94(6):777–86.
nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root 82. Trombelli L, Franceschetti G, Farina R. Effect of professional mechanical plaque
planing with or without adjuncts. J Am Dent Assoc 2015;146(7):508–24.e5. removal performed on a long-term, routine basis in the secondary prevention of
66. Smiley CJ, Tracy SL, Abt E, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline on periodontitis: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S221–36.
the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root 83. Wilder RS, Bray KS. Improving periodontal outcomes: merging clinical and
planing with or without adjuncts. J Am Dent Assoc 2015;146(7):525–35. behavioral science. Periodontol 2000 2016;71(1):65–81.
67. ADA center for evidence-based dentistry. Nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis 84. Miller PD Jr, McEntire ML, Marlow NM, et al. An evidenced-based scoring index
clinical practice guidelines. Available at: https://ebd.ada.org/w/media/ to determine the periodontal prognosis on molars. J Periodontol 2014;85(2):
EBD/Files/ADA_Chairside_Guide_Periodontitis.pdf?la5en. Accessed April 11, 214–25.
2018. 85. Genco RJ, Genco FD. Common risk factors in the management of periodontal
68. Sgolastra F, Severino M, Gatto R, et al. Effectiveness of diode laser as adjunctive and associated systemic diseases: the dental setting and interprofessional
therapy to scaling root planning in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a metaanalysis. collaboration. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2014;14(Suppl):4–16.
Lasers Med Sci 2013;28(5):1393–402. 86. Fiorini T, Musskopf ML, Oppermann RV, et al. Is there a positive effect of smoking
69. Sgolastra F, Severino M, Petrucci A, et al. Nd:YAG laser as an adjunctive treatment cessation on periodontal health? A systematic review. J Periodontol 2014;85(1):
to nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 83–91.
2014;29(3):887–95.
55. Araujo MWB, Charles CA, Weinstein RB, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of an 70. Behdin S, Monje A, Lin GH, et al. Effectiveness of laser application for periodontal
essential oil-containing mouthrinse on gingivitis and plaque. J Am Dent Assoc surgical therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2015;
2015;146(8):610–22. 86(12):1352–63.
56. James P, Worthington HV, Parnell C, et al. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse as an 71. Zandbergen D, Slot DE, Niederman R, et al. The concomitant administration of
adjunctive treatment for gingival health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole compared to scaling and root planing
2017;(3):CD008676. alone in treating periodontitis: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2016;16:27.
57. Slot DE, De Geest S, van der Weijden FA, et al. Treatment of oral malodour. 72. Keestra JA, Grosjean I, Coucke W, et al. Non-surgical periodontal therapy with
Medium-term efficacy of mechanical and/or chemical agents: a systematic review. systemic antibiotics in patients with untreated aggressive periodontitis: a systematic
J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S303–16. review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2015;50(6):689–706.
58. Matsubara VH, Bandara HM, Ishikawa KH, et al. The role of probiotic bacteria in 73. Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Bian X. Clinical effect of azithromycin as an adjunct to nonsurgical
managing periodontal disease: a systematic review. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther treatment of chronic periodontitis: a meta-analysis of randomized
2016;14(7):643–55. controlled clinical trials. J Periodontal Res 2016;51(3):275–83.
59. Martin-Cabezas R, Davideau JL, Tenenbaum H, et al. Clinical efficacy of probiotics 74. Buset SL, Zitzmann NU, Weiger R, et al. Non-surgical periodontal therapy supplemented
as an adjunctive therapy to non-surgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis: with systemically administered azithromycin: a systematic review of
a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2016;43(6): RCTs. Clin Oral Investig 2015;19(8):1763–75.
520–30. 75. Ramalho VL, Ramalho HJ, Cipullo JP, et al. Comparison of azithromycin and oral
60. Gruner D, Paris S, Schwendicke F. Probiotics for managing caries and periodontitis: hygiene program in the treatment of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2016;48:16–25. Ren Fail 2007;29:265–70.
61. Tonetti MS, Chapple IL, Jepsen S, et al. Primary and secondary prevention of 76. Eberhard J, Jepsen S, Jervøe-Storm PM, et al. Full-mouth treatment modalities
periodontal and peri-implant diseases: Introduction to, and objectives of the (within 24 hours) for chronic periodontitis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst
11th European Workshop on Periodontology consensus conference. J Clin Periodontol Rev 2015;(4):CD004622.
2015;42(Suppl 16):S1–4. 77. Polak D, Martin C, Sanz-Sa´nchez I, et al. Are anti-inflammatory agents effective in
62. Tonetti MS, Eickholz P, Loos BG, et al. Principles in prevention of periodontal diseases: treating gingivitis as solo or adjunct therapies? A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol
consensus report of group 1 of the 11th European Workshop on Periodontology 2015;42(Suppl 16):S139–51.
on effective prevention of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. J Clin 78. Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Lang NP. Surgical and nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S5–11. Learned and unlearned concepts. Periodontol 2000 2013;62(1):218–31.
63. Sanz M, Ba¨umer A, Buduneli N, et al. Effect of professional mechanical plaque 79. Mailoa J, Lin GH, Khoshkam V, et al. Long-term effect of four surgical periodontal
removal on secondary prevention of periodontitis and the complications of therapies and one non-surgical therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
gingival and periodontal preventive measures: consensus report of group 4 of J Periodontol 2015;86(10):1150–8.
the 11th European Workshop on Periodontology on effective prevention of periodontal 80. Matarasso M, Iorio-Siciliano V, Blasi A, et al. Enamel matrix derivative and bone
and peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16): grafts for periodontal regeneration of intrabony defects. A systematic review
S214–20. and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2015;19(7):1581–93.
64. Chapple IL, Van der Weijden F, Doerfer C, et al. Primary prevention of periodontitis: 81. Lee CT, Huang HY, Sun TC, et al. Impact of patient compliance on tooth loss during
managing gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S71–6. supportive periodontal therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
65. Smiley CJ, Tracy SL, Abt E, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the J Dent Res 2015;94(6):777–86.
nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root 82. Trombelli L, Franceschetti G, Farina R. Effect of professional mechanical plaque
planing with or without adjuncts. J Am Dent Assoc 2015;146(7):508–24.e5. removal performed on a long-term, routine basis in the secondary prevention of
66. Smiley CJ, Tracy SL, Abt E, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline on periodontitis: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2015;42(Suppl 16):S221–36.
the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root 83. Wilder RS, Bray KS. Improving periodontal outcomes: merging clinical and
planing with or without adjuncts. J Am Dent Assoc 2015;146(7):525–35. behavioral science. Periodontol 2000 2016;71(1):65–81.
67. ADA center for evidence-based dentistry. Nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis 84. Miller PD Jr, McEntire ML, Marlow NM, et al. An evidenced-based scoring index
clinical practice guidelines. Available at: https://ebd.ada.org/w/media/ to determine the periodontal prognosis on molars. J Periodontol 2014;85(2):
EBD/Files/ADA_Chairside_Guide_Periodontitis.pdf?la5en. Accessed April 11, 214–25.
2018. 85. Genco RJ, Genco FD. Common risk factors in the management of periodontal
68. Sgolastra F, Severino M, Gatto R, et al. Effectiveness of diode laser as adjunctive and associated systemic diseases: the dental setting and interprofessional
therapy to scaling root planning in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a metaanalysis. collaboration. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2014;14(Suppl):4–16.
Lasers Med Sci 2013;28(5):1393–402. 86. Fiorini T, Musskopf ML, Oppermann RV, et al. Is there a positive effect of smoking
69. Sgolastra F, Severino M, Petrucci A, et al. Nd:YAG laser as an adjunctive treatment cessation on periodontal health? A systematic review. J Periodontol 2014;85(1):
to nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 83–91.
2014;29(3):887–95.
87. Chambrone L, Preshaw PM, Rosa EF, et al. Effects of smoking cessation on the
outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy: a systematic review and individual
patient data meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2013;40(6):607–15.
88. Farooqi OA, Wehler CJ, Gibson G, et al. Appropriate recall interval for periodontal
maintenance: a systematic review. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2015;
15(4):171–81.
Terima
Kasih
JOURNAL READING
Benedictus - G992102014
Tasya Firzannisa M. P. - G992003143
Kiara Hanna Q. - G992003087
M. Yurizar Yudhistira - G992102041
Abstrak
• Penyakit gondok adalah infeksi virus akit yang memiliki khas inflamasi pada
parotis dan kelenjar saliva lainnya
• Fase infeksius (melalui droplet pernapasan): 2-5 hari setelah onset
• KLB terus terjadi meski adanya vaksinasi, terjadi karena: intensitas paparan,
ketidakcocokan strain vaksin, langkah pengendalian terlambat, teknologi
deteksi kurang (misal RT-PCR), dan kapan terakir seseorang divaksinasi.
• Di masa depan: dosis ke-tiga vaksin MMR.
• Langkah-langkah tradisional juga perlu terus digalakkan.
• Kuncinya adalah tetap mempertahankan angka vaksinasi tetap tinggi.
Pendahuluan
1. Inflamasi unilateral/bilateral
kelenjar parotis atau kelanjar
1. IUFD (bila ibu hamil
liur lain terinfeksi pada trimester
2. Gejala non-spesifik yang pertama)
mendahului: demam, nyeri 2. Kanker testis
kepala, malaise, anoreksia 3. Manifestasi neurologis
3. Gejala lain: orkitis (laki-laki (SNHL, meningitis aseptic
post-pubertas), mastitis dan 🡪 jinak, ensefalitis 🡪
oofaritis (perempuan post-
cenderung ganas)
pubertas), pankreatitis
Pendahuluan:
TRANSMISI
• Melalui droplet pernapasan.
• Masa infeksius: 2-5 hari setelah
onset 🡪 perlu isolasi di rumah.
• Bisa juga tertular oleh orang
asimptomatis.
UJI
DIAGNOSTIK
Uji laboratorium dapat membantu penegakkan
diagnosis penyakit gondok untuk membedakannya
dengan penyakit non-infeksius dan etiologic
infeksius parotitis lainnya (seperti virus
parainfluenza tipe 1 dan 3, virus Epstein-Barr, virus
influenza A, virus coksackie A, echovirus)
• Antibodi IgM
• Uji PCR
• Antibodi IgG
Respons IgM Uji PCR
Protein F dan HN sebagai faktor virulensi melalui neutralisasi virus dengan antibodi dan gen
HN menjadi target genetik dari vaksin rekombinan terhadap penyakit gondok yang berpotensi
untuk dikembangkan dengan teknik molekuler
Genom Mumps Virus
Gen SH paling variatif 🡪 bertanggung jawab bagi diversitas genom Mumps virus 🡪
digunakan untuk standardisasi nomenklatur Mumps virus (terutama membedakan
kasus wild-type dan vaccine-related)
Diversitas dan Distribusi Wild-
Type
02 04
01 03
Vaksin virus hidup Tahun 2018:
pertama kali 122/194 anggota WHO
digunakan secara menerapkan kewajiban vaksinasi
rutin tahun 1950- satu dosis MMR terhadap program
1960 imunisasi
VAKSINASI
Efektivitas
Vaksin Respon Imunitas Seluler
▪ Efektivitas rata-rata vaksin gondok adalah 78% ▪ Tingkat sel T CD4 spesifik virus gondong,
(kisaran, 49% hingga 92%) untuk satu dosis interferon gamma, dan interleukin-10 setelah
dan 88% (kisaran, 66% hingga 95%) untuk dua vaksinasi telah dilaporkan setinggi setelah
dosis infeksi alami.
▪ Tingkat serokonversi yang lebih rendah ▪ Vaksinasi masa kanak-kanak, menginduksi
menjadi gondok dengan pemberian kombinasi memori sel T CD8 polifungsional yang
vaksin MMRV dibandingkan dengan pemberian persisten
bersamaan dengan vaksin MMR dan varicella
secara terpisah
▪ Menunda dosis vaksin MMR kedua dari usia 4
tahun menjadi 7 tahun tidak menghasilkan
peningkatan pada tingkat antibodi
Manfaat Vaksin
01 02 03
Kepadatan penduduk Kontak orang-ke Faktor imunitas yang
yang tinggi orang yang menurun (ketidakcocokan
berkepanjangan strain,. Keterlambatan
vaksinasi, kurangnya
surveilance)
PERAN DOSIS KETIGA PADA KEJADIAN KLB
PAROTITIS
Profilaksis pasca pajanan untuk
mengurangi risiko
infeksi/keparahan penyakit
Prancis merekomendasikan
kebijakan yang ditargetkan untuk
pemberian dosis ketiga vaksin
MMR untuk individu yang telah
menerima dosis kedua mereka
lebih dari 10 tahun sebelumnya
KESIMPULAN
Validity
Penelitian ini merupakan narrative review, peneliti
sudah memilih tinjauan yang relevan dan sesuai
dengan penelitian.
Importance
Jurnal ini memberi gambaran mengenai pentingnya vaksinasi
mumps ke tiga dalam mencegah outbreak dari infeksi mumps
setelah mendapatkan dua kali vaksin. Selain itu jurnal ini juga
membahas manifestasi klinis, metode transmisi, metode diagnostik,
dan keragaman genom dari virus mumps
Applicability
Jurnal ini memberikan dasar teori sebagai dasar untuk membuat kebijakan
pemberian vaksin mumps sebanyak tiga kali agar dapat mencegah outbreak
dari infeksi mumps
Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles – SANRA
Analisis
Justification of the article’s importance for the readership
(0) The importance is not justified
(1) The importance is allued to, but no explicity justified 1
(2) The importance is explicity justified
SANRA
Statement of concrete aims or formulation of questions
(0) No aims or question are formulated
(1) Aims are formulated generally but not concretely or in terms of clear questions 0
(2) One or more concrete aims or questions are formulated
Referencing
(0) Key statements are not supported by references
(1) The referencing of key statements is inconsistent 2
(2) Key statements are supported by references
Scientific reasoning
(0) The article’s point is not based on appropriate arguments
(1) Appropriate evidence is introduced selectively 2
(2) Appropriate evidence is generally present
Benedictus G992102014
Tasya Firzannisa MP G992003143
Kiara Hanna Q G992003087
M. Yurizar Yudhistira G992102041
Abstrak
• Kavitas (lubang gigi): terjadi akibat proses patogenik yang disebut karies gigi
• Manifestasi klinis: akumulasi plak gigi (biofilm)
• Disolusi gigi pada kasus ini disebabkan karena produksi asam 🡪 klinisi
selalu berfokus pada hal ini, tapi seharusnya juga berfokus kepada lingkungan
di mana asam tersebut terbentuk, seperti: interaksi yang terjadi di plak
(enamel, bakteri, matriks, dsb).
• Fokus terhadap hal-hal tersebut berpotensi besar adanya relevansi dengan
bagian tubuh lain, tidak hanya rongga mulut.
• Penggunaan fluoride sudah umum diketahui, namun seharusnya langkah
pencegahan yang lebih juga diambil 🡪 seperti menggunakan
glukosiniltransferase, menggabungkan agen terapeutik plak.
Pendahuluan
Karies Gigi Studi Karies
Kesulitan
• S.mutans belum tentu tumbuh sama
baiknya walaupun ditanam pada media
Pengambilan data yang
pertumbuhan yang sama
konsisten 🡪Pengenalan
• Penyebaran air liur yang tidak rata teknik terstandarisas
dapat memengaruhi data jumlah
S.mutans yang didapat
Model
• Pemahaman patogenesis karies gigi 🡪 memerlukan beberapa model
• Model bukanlah suatu penyakit 🡪 menyebabkan penafsiran data secara
berlebihan
• Model bioflim plak sudah cukup banyak 🡪 penggunaan saliva pada matriks
jarang ditemui
• Sukrosa juga sering dihilangkan dalam pembuatan matriks 🡪 matriks yang
dihasilkan tidak menyerupai yang ditemukan pada plak manusia
• Penggunaan model penelitian berupa hewan 🡪 kontribusi besar bagi
pemahaman mengenai etiologi dan patogenesis karies gigi serta faktor-
faktor lain yang berpengaruh
• Kelemahan model penelitian hewan 🡪 memerlukan waktu yang lama
Pencegahan
• Karies gigi 🡪 penyakit infeksius dan mudah menular 🡪 pencegahan
merupakan faktor penting
• Studi mengungkapkan bahwa penekanan S.mutans pada ibu 🡪 mengurangi
tingkat infeksi karies pada anak
• Terdapat banyak agen yang dapat menghambat S.mutans secara in vitro,
namun kurang berpengaruh pada biofilm
• Agen yang dapat mencegah pembentukan biofilm 🡪 penghambatan enzim
glukosiltransferase
• Masalah 🡪 Cepat hilang dari mulut sehingga tidak dapat mengerahkan
potensi terapeutik maksimumnya
• Bahan restoratif, homing agent yang selektif seperti lektin atau antibodi
🡪 untuk mengantarkan agen terapeutik ke tempat tertentu dalam mulut,
termasuk bakteri spesifik dalam mulut, terus dieksplorasi
• Menggunakan bahan restoratif untuk mengantarkan agen terapeutik pada
dasarnya adalah penyempurnaan dari konsep pelepasan lambat (slow-
released concept)
• Kesulitan mungkin timbul selama penggunaan jangka panjang; ketika
agen terapeutik dilepaskan dari bahan restoratif, kemudian akan digantikan
oleh air liur, dan biasanya dapat merusak integritas dari bahan restoratif.
Telaah
Kritis
Deskripsi
Umum
• Desain : Jurnal ini adalah narrative
review
• Subjek : Penelitian ini membahas
mengenai karies gigi
• Judul : Kurang jelas dalam
menggambarkan isi dan
topik pembahasan jurnal
• Penulis : Penulis dan institusi asal
ditulis dengan jelas
• Abstrak : Jelas, merangkum isi
penelitian
VIA
Validity
Penelitian ini merupakan narrative review, peneliti sudah memilih
tinjauan yang relevan dan sesuai dengan penelitian.
Importance
Jurnal ini memberi gambaran mengenai patofisiologi karies gigi
yang disebabkan oleh biofilm yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri
pada struktur gigi pada waktu yang lama (kronis). Tindakan
pencegahan telah dijelaskan terutama penggunaan pasta gigi
berflouride
Applicability
Jurnal ini memberikan dasar teori sebagai dasar pencegahan pasta gigi
berflouride agar dapat mencegah karies pada gigi
Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles – SANRA
Analisis
Justification of the article’s importance for the readership
(0) The importance is not justified
(1) The importance is allued to, but no explicity justified 1
(2) The importance is explicity justified
SANRA
Statement of concrete aims or formulation of questions
(0) No aims or question are formulated
(1) Aims are formulated generally but not concretely or in terms of clear questions 0
(2) One or more concrete aims or questions are formulated
Referencing
(0) Key statements are not supported by references
(1) The referencing of key statements is inconsistent 2
(2) Key statements are supported by references
Scientific reasoning
(0) The article’s point is not based on appropriate arguments
(1) Appropriate evidence is introduced selectively 2
(2) Appropriate evidence is generally present