NAME : SYAHWA RAMADHAN

NPM : 20042010239
CLASS : Business Administration D

UNIT 3
I. Translation
AKTIVITAS EKONOMI

Ilmu ekonomi adalah ilmu yang didasarkan pada fakta-fakta kehidupan kita
sehari-hari. Jadi, ilmu ekonomi berkaitan dengan semua kebutuhan dan keinginan
material kita. Ekonom mempelajari kehidupan sehari-hari kita. Dia mempelajari
sistem yang mempengaruhi hidup kita. Ekonom mencoba menggambarkan fakta
ekonomi di mana kita hidup. Ia mencoba menjelaskan bagaimana sistem itu bekerja.
Metodenya harus objektif dan ilmiah. Kami membutuhkan makanan, pakaian, dan
tempat berteduh. Jika kami bisa mendapatkan makanan, pakaian, dan tempat berteduh
tanpa bekerja, kami mungkin tidak akan bekerja. Namun ketika kita sudah
mendapatkan kebutuhan dasar tersebut, kita masih menginginkan beberapa hal lain
seperti radio, mainan untuk anak, buku, nonton film, dan banyak lagi yang bisa
membuat hidup kita lebih menyenangkan.
Kebanyakan orang harus bekerja untuk mencari nafkah. Mereka memproduksi
barang dan jasa. Barang diproduksi di pertanian, seperti beras, kedelai, tembakau, dan
susu, atau di pabrik, seperti mobil, televisi, dan komputer. Layanan diproduksi oleh
hal-hal seperti sekolah, rumah sakit, dan toko. Beberapa orang menyediakan barang,
beberapa menyediakan layanan. Orang lain menyediakan barang dan jasa. Misalnya,
di garasi yang sama, seorang pria mungkin membeli mobil, atau dia mungkin
membeli beberapa jasa yang membantunya merawat mobilnya.
Semua pekerjaan yang dilakukan orang disebut kegiatan ekonomi. Kegiatan
ekonomi dapat membentuk sistem ekonomi. Sistem ekonomi adalah jumlah total dari
apa yang orang lakukan dan apa yang mereka inginkan. Pekerjaan yang dilakukan
orang menyediakan apa yang mereka butuhkan atau inginkan, mereka butuhkan, atau
memberi mereka uang, karena orang membeli komoditas penting dengan uang.
II. Comprehension Questions!
1. What do you know about economics?
Answer : Economics is a science which is based upon the facts of our everyday
lives and concerned with all our material needs and want.
2. What is the main job of economist? What does he do?
Answer : Main job of economist is describe the facts of the economy in which we
live and he tries to explain how the system works.
3. What are our basic needs?
Answer : We need food, clothes, and shelter.
4. Mention some of our secondary needs! Why do we need them?
Answer : Our secondary needs such as radios, toys for children, books, seeing
movies and many others. We need them because can make our lives
more enjoyable.
5. Why do we have to work?
Answer : Because most people have to work in order to earn their living.
6. Mention some goods produced on farms, and in factories (5 items)!
Answer : Produced on farms, such as rice, soybean, tobacco, vegetable and milk,
in factories, like cars, television, motorcycle, cellular phone and
computers.
7. How can we get both goods and service in the same garage?
Answer : Some people provide goods, some provide services. Other people
provide both goods and services. For example, in the same garage, a man
may buy a car, or he may buy some service which helps him to maintain
his car.
8. What is meant by economic activity? What is its purpose?
Answer : All of the works which people do. Economic activities can make up the
economic system. The economic system is the sum total of what people
do and what they want.
9. What is the function of money?
Answer : The function of money is for measure value, exchange, and make
payments for the purchase of goods and service, and at times act as a
means of accumulating wealth.
 10. What do the people have to do in order to buy everything they need?
Answer : The people need to works for buy everything they need all people have
to do to buy all they need is work. The work which people undertake
either provides what they need or want, they need or provide them with
money, because people buy essential commodities with money.

III. Vocabulary : Supply the following sentences with the most approciate word
below:
a. Economic
b. Economics
c. Economist
d. Economical
e. Economy
f. Economize

1. Sri Mulyani and Boedinono are the two famous Economist from Indonesia.
2. We will usually get Economical prices during the midnight sale.
3. We should Economize our natural resources to provide our next generation.
4. The housewives must spend the money form their husbands Economy.
5. The Economy system of the country is usually called the national Economic.
6. Your major is Accounting that belongs to the faculty of Economics and business.
7. The people should be very Economize in using the electrical energy and gasoline.
8. If I were a famous Economist like Sri Mulyani I would rather stay in Indonesia to
be the minister of Economy.
 UNIT 4

I. Translation

PERUSAHAAN

Badan usaha milik pribadi adalah lembaga yang didirikan dengan tujuan
mencari keuntungan. Ini dioperasikan oleh individu yang kepemilikan sahamnya
diwakili oleh sertifikat saham. Orang yang memiliki sertifikat saham disebut
pemegang saham.

Bentuk kepemilikan perusahaan memiliki beberapa keunggulan. Yang pertama

adalah kemampuannya untuk menarik sumber daya keuangan. Keuntungan kedua
adalah jika korporasi menarik sejumlah besar modal, ia dapat melakukan investasi
pada pabrik, peralatan, dan penelitian. Keuntungan ketiga adalah bahwa perusahaan
dapat menawarkan gaji yang tinggi, dan dengan demikian menarik manajer yang
berbakat.

Korporasi bisnis milik pribadi bukanlah satu-satunya jenis korporasi yang ada.
Lembaga pendidikan, agama, dan amal juga diizinkan untuk bergabung. Biasanya,
jenis korporasi ini tidak menerbitkan saham dan merupakan lembaga non profit. Jika
ada keuntungan, umumnya diinvestasikan kembali di lembaga daripada
didistribusikan ke pemegang saham swasta.

Selain itu, ada perusahaan pemerintah di Amerika Serikat yang mungkin

didirikan oleh kota, negara bagian, dan badan khusus. Beberapa contoh dari
perusahaan pemerintah ini adalah rumah sakit pemerintah, universitas, dan utilitas
milik kota. Perusahaan pemerintah selalu nirlaba dan biasanya tidak menerbitkan
sertifikat saham.
II. Answer These Questions
A. Complete Answer
1. Who are the owners of corporation?
Answer : The owners of corporation is by individuals whose shares of ownership
are represented by stock certificates. Persons owning stock
certificates are called stockholders.
2. Is a corporation necessarily larger than a partnership?
Answer : Yes, a corporation necessarily larger than a partnership because
corporation operated by individuals whos shares of ownership are
represented by stock certificates.
3. List at least three advantages of the corporate form of partnership!
Answer : The corporate form of ownership has several advantages. The first is
its ability to attract financial resources. A second advantage is that if
the corporation attracts a large amount of capital, it can make
investments in plants, equipment, and research. A third advantage is
that corporation can offer high salaries, and thus attract talented
managers.
4. What do you think the disadvantages of the corporate form of the ownership
might be?
Answer : It takes a long process and large enough funds to set up a company.
Such as establishments, which have complicated administrative
processes starting from the establishment permit, to administrative
completeness. Any high tax deductions, as well as profits or dividends
distributed to shareholders will be taxed.
5. The business corporation generally issues stocks to stock-holders. What types of
corporations usually do not issue stock?
Answer : Educational, religious, and charitable institutions are also permitted to
incorporate.
6. Name some well-known corporations from various countries or world, such as
the USA, Germany, Japan, and your own country!
Answer :
a) Examples of well-known companies in the USA, namely the Apple
company, and Microsoft company, Wells Fargo, Citigroup.
b) Example of a well-known company in Germany, namely the Marcedes
Benz company, Adidas Salomon, Allianz AG, Aldi Nord.
c) Example of a well-known company in Japan, namely the Toyota
company, Mitshubishi, Softbank, Sony, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone.
d) Example of a well-known company in Indonesia, namely the Asian
Central Bank (BCA) company, Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI), Astra
International.
III. True and False Answer (T-F), If it is False, Correct it!
1. TRUE : A business corporation is an institution that is a larger than a partnership.
2. TRUE : A business corporation is oprated by an individual by using stock
certificates.
3. TRUE : One of the advantages of a corporation is being able to attract financial
resources.
4. FALSE : Because a third advantage is that corporation can offer high salaries,
and thus attract talented managers. (Paragraph 2 Line 7).
5. TRUE : A university is a charitable institution and a non-profit institution.
6. FALSE : Because if there is a profit, it is generally reinvested in the institution
rather than distributed to private stockholders. (Paragraph 3 Line 4).
7. TRUE : The government corporation is USA are probably established by cities,
states, and special agencies.
8. FALSE : Government corporation are always non-profit and always issue stock
certificates. (Paragraph 4 Line 3).

IV. Vocabulary : Fill in the blank with the words listed below :
a. Charitable
b. Non-profit
c. Resources
d. Institution
e. Stock
f. Investment
g. Utilities
1. Gas, water, and power companies are Resources.
2. I bought some stock in Pan Am and IBM.
3. What do you think is better investment, buying stock or buying real estates?
4. The Red Cross is an international organization for the relief of the suffering in
times of war or disaster is a Charitable institution.
 5. The university is a non-profit corporation, it is an educational institution that
reinvests all its money.
6. The company issued stock in order to attract greater financial utilities.

STRUCTURE 4 : Passive Voice

A. Subject I
1. I clean my room everyday (Simple Present)
P : My room is cleaned everyday by me.
2. I am sending an email today (Present Continous)
P : An email is being sent today.
3. I will do my Art project after dinner (Simple Future)
P : My Art project will be done after dinner.
4. I ate my lunch an hour ago (Simple Past)
P : My lunch was eaten an hour ago
5. I have sent the document already (Present Perfect)
P : The document has been sent already.

B. Subject My Father

6. My father buy a new belt this afternoon (Simple Present)

P : The new belt is bought by my father this afternoon.
7. My father is grilling the meat at the moment (Present Continous)
P : The meat is being grilled by my father at the moment.
8. My father will give a gift to me next week (Simple Future)
P : I will be given a gift by my father next week.
9. My Father ate fried chicken last night (Simple Past)
P : Fried chicken was ate by my father last night.
10. My father has never cut his hair himself (Present Perfect)
P : My father’s hair has never been cut by him.
EXERCISE 1 (ONE)

1. People apply mathematics in many different activities.

a. Simple Present Tense

b. Mathematics is applied (by people) in many different activities

2. Every programmer uses the binary scale in electronic computers.

a. Simple Present Tense

b. The binary scale is used by every programmer in electronic computers

3. In the future, people will develop more applications of mathematics in the modern and
sophisticated technology.

a. Simple Future Tense

b. In the future, more applications of Mathematics will be developed by people in the

modern and sophisticated technology

4. They form the square of number by multiplying the number by itself.

a. Simple Present Tense

b. The square of number is formed by them by multiplying the number itself

5. A scientist has made a lot of attempts to deceive the ordinary citizens.

a. Present Perfect Tense

b. A lot of attempts have been made by a scientist to deceive the ordinary citizen

6. People believe that science and technology will help the nation to reach the goal of the
development.

a. Simple Future Tense, Present Future Tense

 b. science and technology will helped the nation to reach the goal of the development.
by people that

7. Many scientists made a lot of scientific discoveries during the renaissance.

a. Simple Past Tense

b. A lot of scientific discoveries were made by many scientist during the renaissance.

8. Mr. Joe is making an experiment to prove his new theory.

a. Present Continuous Tense

b. An experiment is being made by Mr. Joe to prove his new theory.

9. We should use statistics for analysis of data in all branches of science.

a. Simple Future Tense

b. Statistics should be used (by us) for analysis of data in all branches of science

10. Mathematicians usually use decimals rather than fractions for scientific purposes.

a. Simple Present Tense

b. Decimals are usually used (by mathematicians) rather than fractions for scientific
purposes

11. They often call mathematics the language of science.

a. Simple Present Tense

b. Mathematics is often called (by them) the language of science

12. In the binary scale, people express numbers by combinations of zero and one.

a. Simple Present Tense

b. In the binary scale, numbers by combinations are expressed (by people) of zero and
one

13. It is easier to perform mathematical operations with computers if we use the binary
system instead of the decimal one.

a. Simple Present Tense

 b. mathematical operations with computers are easier to be performed by if we use the
binary system instead of the decimal is used by us

14. Susy is writing some letters to her friends

a. Present Continuous Tense

b. Some letters are being written (by susy) to her friends

15. The students have to do their assignment regularly

a. Simple Present Tense

b. Their assignment have to be done (by The students) regularly

16. I have finished my homework already

a. Present Perfect Tense

b. My homework have been finished (by me) already

17. My family will visit my grandparents in the village next Lebaran Day

a.Simple Future Tense

b. My grandparents will be visited (by my family) in the village next lebaran day

18. Many people enjoyed Metallica performance last month.

a. Simple Past Tense

b. Metallica performance was enjoyed (by many people) last month

19. The teacher would not lock the door if some students didn’t come very late

a. Past Future Tense

b. The door would not be locked (by the teacher) if some student didn’t come very
late

20. Are the students studying English or French in this College?

a. Present Continuous Tense

b. are English or French being studied by the students in this college ?

21. Have you closed the door and switched off the lights before you go to bed?
 a. Present Perfect Tense

b. Have the door been closed and The lights been switched off (by you) before you go
to bed?

22. Does your mother usually make some special cakes on Lebaran Day?

a. Simple Present Tense

b. Are some special cakes is usually made by your mother on lebaran day?

23. I have not done my homework yet.

a. Present Perfect Tense

b. my homework has not been done (by me) yet

24. You must finish the written test before the manager interview you (2)

a. Simple Present Tense

b. The written test must be finished (by you) before the manager inteview you

25. Mira has to do the house works before she goes to school

a. Simple Present Tense

b. The house works have to be done (by mira) before she goes to school
EXERCISE : 2 (TWO)

A. Choose the correct answer

1. The blue whale is generally classified as(c) the largest creature on earth.

a. Generally classified as is
b. As is generally classified
c. Is generally classified as
d. Is classified generally as

2. The seminar was cancelled because the invitations were not printed (b) in time.

a. Cancelling ---------Printer
b. cancelled ----------Printed
c. cancelling----------Printing
d. cancelled-----------to Print

3. Mammals are generally classified (c) into the placental, marsupials, and monomers.

a. Which are generally classified

b. Classified are generally
c. Are generally classified
d. Being generally classified

4. Many issues were seriously discussed (d) by the committee, but they were unable to
amid at any conclusions.

a. Were seriously discussing

b. Being seriously discussed

c. Which were seriously discussing
d. Were seriously discussed
5. The tropical storms that occur each year in the North Atlantic and have winds
reaching speeds of at least 117 kilometers per hour Are commonly called(d) hurricane.

a. Which are commonly called

b. Commonly called
c. Is commonly called
d. Are commonly called

6. Mila was not permitted(c) by her parents to go alone last night.

a. did not permit c. was not permitted

b. were permission d. is not permitted

7. The transfer of science and technology Be encouraged If we want to be developed

(a)nation

a. Be encouraged------- be developed
b. Encouraged-------------- developed
c. encourage-------develop
d. encouraging------- developing.

8. While a new lesson is being explained(c)by the teacher, the students are

listening to him very attentively.

a. explaining c. being explained
b. explained d. Explain

B. Find the Incorrect Structure, Word(s), or Phrase Underlined Below:

9. One of the world’s best-selling authors, Louis L’amour said

A B
to have written 101 books mostly westerns.
C D

- Answer : C. To have written

 - Correct Answer : To has written

10. For many years, space enthusiasts harbored hope that the atmosphere
A
of Venus could support life, but now it is know to be extremely dead.
B C D

- Answer : D. Is know
- Correct Answer : Is known

11. The result of the failure to plan for the future is that a child from an urban area must
A B
be took to the country to see nature.
C D

- Answer : C. Took
- Correct Answer : Must be taken

12. Aspirin is recommends to many people for its ability to thin the blood.
A B C D

- Answer : A. Recommends
- Correct Answer : Recommended

13. Mr. Andi will not let his son play before his homework is doing
A B C D

- Answer : D. Doing
- Correct Answer : Done

14. Some punishment will be giving to you by the police if you don’t
A B C
obey the traffic Regulation.
D

- Answer : B. Giving
 - Correct Answer : Will be being given (Passive voice menggunakan Verb 3)

15. Are the data always update before your program is closed?
A B C D

- Answer : D. Closed
- Correct Answer : Close

16. The computer system was developing by adapting the binary scale to the off-on pulses
A B C D
of electricity.
- Answer : B. Was developing
- Correct Answer : Was developed