Pembimbing :
dr. Harma
dr. Zukhrida
Presentan :
Maria Katrin
Kasus
Identitas
Nama : An. AJ
Usia : 9 tahun
MR : 208076
Laboratorium
Hematologi
Hemoglobin 12 g/dL
RBC 4.5 x 10^6/L
Hematokrit 4.5 x 10^6/L
Leukosit 13.92 10^3/L
Trombosit 377 x 10^3/L
Evaluation (06/12/16 pk 21.30)
A : clear, gurgling (-), stridor (-), snoring (-), pasien dapat
berbicara dengan jelas, C-spine stabil
B : gerakan dada simetris, penggunaan otot bantu napas (-),
krepitasi (-), sonor pada perkusi kedua lapang paru, suara
napas vesikuler +/+, RR = 20x/menit, SaO2 = 99%
C : HR = 90x/menit, teratur, kuat, penuh; TD = 110/70 mmHg;
akral hangat, CRT < 2 detik, sianosis (-), pelvis stabil, free
fluid abdomen (-), perdarahan eksternal masif (-)
D : somnolen; GCS =14 (E3V5M6); refleks cahaya +/+, pupil
isokor 3mm/3mm; lateralisasi (-)
E : luka memar pada daerah oksipital sinistra, berukuran 4 x 5
cm, perdarahan aktif (-), krepitasi (-), nyeri (+)
Initial Assessment
Cedera otak ringan dengan riwayat penurunan
kesadaran
Plan
Oksigenasi via nasal kanul 3 lpm
IVFD RL 20 tpm
Secondary Survey
Laboratorium
Hematologi Koagulasi
Hemoglobin 12 g/dL PT 10.2 detik
RBC 4.5 x 10^6/L APTT 23.6 detik
Hematokrit 4.5 x 10^6/L
Leukosit 13.92 10^3/L Elektrolit
Trombosit 377 x 10^3/L Natrium 136 mmol/L
Kalium 4.5 mmol/L
Kimia Darah
Chloride 103 mmol/L
SGOT 31.6 U/L
SGPT 13.6 U/L
Ureum 18 mg/dL
Kreatinin 0.39 mg/dL
GDS 117 mg/dL
Assessment
Cedera otak ringan dengan epidural hematoma occipital
sinistra, edema serebri dan fraktur linier os occipita
sinistra
Planning
IVFD NaCl 0,9% 1000 cc/24 jam
Pro kraniotomi cito apabila terjadi perburukan klinis atau pada CT scan ulang
perdarahan bertambah
Evaluation (07/12/16 pk 01.45)
Derajat :
cedera otak ringan : GCS
13-15
cedera otak sedang : GCS 9-
12
cedera otak berat : GCS 3-8
KLASIFIKASI
Mekanisme
Morfologi
trauma
Difus (DAI,
Fokal (EDH,
Kalvaria Basis kranii kontusio serebri
SDH, ICH)
multipel)
Patofisiologi
Amnesia
kesadaran
Defisit
Disorientasi
neurologis
Cedera
otak
Pemeriksaan penunjang
Gold standard CT Scan
Cedera otak akan
mengalami perubahan
serial CT Scan terutama
jika perburukan klinis dan
TIK
Tatalaksana
Epidural Hematoma
Akumulasi darah di antara tulang tengkorak dan lapisan
dura mater
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