Metode
Mirawati siregar
•Suatu percobaan laboratorium
•Untuk membuktikan bahwa
karakteristik kinerja metode
Pembuatan
Permintaan protokol
Validasi/Verifikasi Validasi/verifikasi
Penyususnan Laporan
Analisis Data
Validasi/Verifikasi
Application:
Titration, spectrphotometric,
chromatographic method etc.
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Assay Category 2
Analytical
Assay
Performa Assay
Quantitati Limit Category
nce Category 1
ve Tests 3
Parameter
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Impurity testing
Type of
Analytical Identificatio
Assay
n Quantitative Limit Tests
Procedure
No Yes No Yes
Repeatability
Interm.
No Yes No Yes
Prec.
Specificity Yes Yes Yes Yes
LOD No No Yes No
LOQ No Yes No No
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Accuracy
Precision
Limit of Detection
Validasi
Limit of Quantitation
Metode
Selectivity/Specificity
Linearity and Range
Ruggedness/Robustness
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Akurasi rendah Akurasi tinggi Akurasi tinggi Akurasi rendah
Presisi tinggi Presisi tinggi Presisi rendah Presisi rendah
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USP dan ICH menggunakan istilah
Specificity
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Specificity (USP/ICH):
Kemampuan untuk mengetahui adanya analit
di dalam campuran , tanpa adanya pengaruh
dari zat lain seperti impurities, hasil urai dan
komponen matriks.
Selektif Rs ≥ 1,5
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Jika tidak tersedia zat hasil degradasi (Degradants)
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Heat Temperature (50 - 60 oC)
Humidity Kelembaban (70 to 80%)
Acid Hydrolysis HCl 0.1 N
Base Hydrolysis NaOH 0.1 N
Oxidation H2O2 (3 to 30%)
Light UV/Vis
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diode array detector spectra overlay
Evaluasi korelasinya (r, MF)
r> 0,99 or MF>990
Spectra overlay “upslope,
apex dan down slope”
Peak should be “pure”
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S xo
VXO 100%
X
S XO
S
Y where SY
y i yˆ i
, yˆ a bxi
b N 2
Y Y with
2
1
X P 2 S XO .ttable . 1 2P
N b .QXX
1 X2
YP a SY . ttable . 1
N QXX
2
1
QXX Xi
2
X i , t student t factor for f N - 2
N
and p 0.05
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Interval antara konsentrasi terbesar dan
terkecil dari analit dalam sampel
Memenuhi syarat dalam hal presisi, akurasi dan
linieritas
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For Drug Substance & Drug product Assay
80 to 120% of test Concentration
For Content Uniformity Assay
70 to 130% of test Concentration
For Dissolution Test Method
+/- 20% over entire Specification Range
For Impurity Assays
From Reporting Level to 120% of Impurity
Specification for Impurity Assays
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Uji Homogenitas kurva kalibrasi
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Biasanya dinyatakan dalam persen perolehan
kembali (% recovery)
Dapat dilakukan melalui pebandingan hasil
analisis antara metode yang divalidasi dengan
metode standar uji t harus tidak berbeda
makna
Dapat dilakukan metode adisi standar terhadap
blanko atau sampel.
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Persen perolehan kembali (% recovery)
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KURVA AKURASI menurut Funk et. al.
N-2
t = Student-t-factor f = N-2, P = 95 %. 31
M. Yuwono & G. Indrayanto, Validation method of Chromatography Methods of
Analysis, Profiles of Drugs Substances, Excipients and Related Methodology,
Vol. 32, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, New York, Boston, London,
Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto. In Press (2005)
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AOAC manual for the Peer-Verified Methods program
33
Kedekatan dari suatu seri pengukuran yang diperoleh
dari sampel yang homogen
Meliputi:
- Repeatability
- Intermediate Precision
- Reproducibility
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Kondisi sama pada interval waktu yang singkat
Satu larutan uji disuntikkan berkali-kali pada hari
yang sama, alat yang sama, analisis serta kondisi lain
yang sama.
Disebut juga
Intra-assay precision
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Disebut juga “within-laboratory variations”.
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Repeatability test at different labs.
Berbeda analisis atau instrument dari laboratorium
yang berbeda
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Dianjurkan menggunakan 3 macam
konsentrasi berbeda, misal 80, 100 dan 120 %
dari konsentrasi target
Masing-masing konsentrasi dilakukan 3
replikasi
Dianjurkan dilakukan pada hari yang berbeda
dan analisis yang berbeda
Kriteria penerimaan: RSD < 2% (Assay
validation)
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AOAC manual for the Peer-Verified Methods program
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Quantitation Limit
(QL)
Lowest amount of Lowest amount of
analyte in a sample analyte in a sample
that can be detected that can be quantified
but not necessarily with suitable accuracy
quantitated. and precision.
Estimated by Signal to Estimated by Signal to
Noise Ratio of 3:1. Noise Ratio of 10:1.
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Detection Limit (DL) and Quantitation Limit
(QL)
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Based on Visual Evaluation
may be used for non-instrumental
methods.
Based on Signal-to-Noise
Based on the Standard Deviation of the
Response and the Slope
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Based on Signal-to Noise-Ratio
44
where
= the standard deviation of the response ( SD
of blank samples or SD of intercepts of regression line)
S = the slope of the calibration curve
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Robustness
Definition: Capacity to remain unaffected by small
variations in method parameters
Determination: Comparison results under differing
conditions with precision under normal conditions
Variations may include: stability of analytical solution,
variation of pH in a mobile phase, different column
(lot/supplier), temperature, flow rate.
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degree of reproducibility of test results
obtained by the analysis of same samples under a
variety of conditions,
such as different laboratories, analysts,
instruments, different lot of reagents,
days etc.
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“When sponsors make changes in the analytical
procedure, drug substance, drug product, the
changes, may necessitate revalidation of the
analytical procedures.”
“The degree of revalidation depends on the
nature of the change.”
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