LAPORAN KASUS
SYOK KARDIOGENIK
Pembimbing:
dr. Ramacandra Rakhmatullah, Sp.An-KIC
dr. Anton Wuri Handayanto, Sp. An., FIPM
dr. Vilda Prasasti Yuwono, Sp. An
dr. Teguh Setiadi, Sp. An
Disusun Oleh:
RASYIDU FABIAN MASHURI
220702120040 1
REFERAT DEPARTMEN
DEPARTEMENANESTESIOLOGI
ANESTESIOLOGI & TERAPI
& TERAPI
INTENSIF
INTENSIF
I
PENDAHULUAN
REFERAT DEPARTMEN
DEPARTEMENANESTESIOLOGI
ANESTESIOLOGI & TERAPI
& TERAPI
INTENSIF
INTENSIF
PENDAHULUAN
• Syok kardiogenik (penurunan kinerja miokardium berkurangnya curah jantung hipoperfusi)
mortalitas (Van, 2017).
• 4-8% syok kardiogenik akibat infarm STEMI TERSRING ! (Sionis, 2015).
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• Stresor dan perubaha strukturan jantung Gangguan jalur His-Purkinje RBBB (Rotman, 2000).
Van (2017) Contemporary management of cardiogenic shock: a scientific statement. American Heart Association
Sionis (2015) Clinical picture and risk prediction of short‐term mortality in cardiogenic shock: clinical picture and outcome of cardiogenic shock . Diedit oleh C. study investigators and the G. Network.
Eur J Heart Fail.
Rotman (2000) “A clinical and follow-up study of right and left bundle branch block.”
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
RUMUSAN MASALAH
1. Apakah definisi, epidemiologi, etiologi, patofisiologi, tanda dan gejala, kriteria diagnosis, dan
tatalaksana dari syok kardiogenik ?
2. Apakah definisi, epidemiologi, etiologi, patofisiologi, kriteria diagnosis, dan tatalaksana Right
bundle branch block (RBBB) ?
TUJUAN
1. Apakah definisi, epidemiologi, etiologi, patofisiologi, tanda dan gejala, kriteria diagnosis, dan
tatalaksana dari syok kardiogenik ?
2. Apakah definisi, epidemiologi, etiologi, patofisiologi, kriteria diagnosis, dan tatalaksana Right
bundle branch block (RBBB) ?
4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
Ouweneel (2017) “Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support versus intra ‐aortic balloon pump in cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction.” doi:69:278–287.
5
Eriksson (2000) “Bundle-branch block in a general male population: the study of men born 1913.”
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
• Insiden blokade cabang berkas kanan biasanya meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia, hingga 11,3% orang pada usia 80
tahun (Eriksson, 2000).
Ouweneel (2017) “Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support versus intra‐aortic balloon pump in cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction.” doi:69:278–287.
Eriksson (2000) “Bundle-branch block in a general male population: the study of men born 1913.”
5
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
(Yan, 2013)
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
• Pasien dengan Syok kardiogenik paling sering hadir dengan ekstremitas dingin dan tanda-tanda
kongesti paru. Presentasi ini disebut "cold and wet" dan mencerminkan penurunan indeks jantung
(CI) (Menon, 2000)
Menon (2000) “The clinical profile of patients with suspected cardiogenic shock due to predominant left ventricular failure: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry.” 4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
PERKI (2015) Pedoman Tatalaksana Gagal Jantung. Pertama ed. Jakarta: INDONESIAN HEART ASSOCIATION.
6
Weston (2022) “Right Bundle Branch Block.”
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
Laher (2017) “A review of hemodynamic monitoring techniques, methods and devices for the emergency physician,” hal. 35:1335–1347.
Stretch (2014) “National trends in the utilization of short ‐term mechanical circulatory support,” hal. 64:1407–1415. 6
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
PEMERIKSAAN FISIK
• B1 Airway: L (-) E (DBN) M (3) O
(Obesity) N (-). Pro Intubasi Mayo • B4 Bladder: Kateter (+) j 06.00
Suction
produksi urin 45 ml/ jam
PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG
Jenis Pemeriksaaan Hasil Unit Nilai Rujukan
Hematologi
HGB L 13.3 g/Dl 12.0-16.0
RBC L 43.2 10^6/uL 4.0-5.0
HCT 41.4 % 35.0-48.0
MCV 95.8 fL 80.0-96.0
MCHC 30.6 g/L 32.0-37.0
MCH 31.9 pg 28.0-33.0
RDW-SD H 49.8 fL 35-47
RDW-CV H Z.80 % 11.5-14.5
WBC H 49.8 10^3/ul 4.3-10.8
Hitung Jenis
EO L 0.0 % 1-3
BASO H 98.4 % 0-2
Neutrofil L 0.4 % 50-70
LYMP L 0.0 % 18-42
MONO H 98.4 % 2-11
EO L 0.4 10^3/ul 0.00-0.40
BASO L 0.0 10^3/ul 0.00-0.10
NEUT L 0.4 10^3/ul 1.50-7.00
LYMPH L 0.4 10^3/ul 1.00-3.70
MONO L 0.4 10^3/ul 0.00-0.70
PLT 225 10^3/ul 150-400
PDW 11.7 fL 9.0-17.0
MPV 10.4 fL 7.2-11.1
P-LCR H 27.2 % 15.0-25.0
PCT 0.23 % 0.17-0.35
LED H 21 mm/jam <20
Kimia Darah
Albumin H 3.5 g/dL 3.2-5.5
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REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG
4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG
4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG
4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
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DIAGNOSIS
RBBB ALO
PLANNING THERAPY
• Mengkaji pola nafas pasien. Observasi TTV dan Keadaan umum O2 Support
Ventilator Kultur Darah Cek BGA
4
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
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RBBB dapat memperburuk kondisi syok kardiogenik dengan mengurangi fungsi pompa jantung dan menyebabkan tekanan darah rendah. Jika seseorang mengalami RBBB dan juga
mengalami gejala syok kardiogenik, maka perlu segera dilakukan tindakan medis untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut.
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
Meskipun pemeriksaan lain seperti nilai cardiac indeks secara langsung, ekokardiogram
<1.5, pemeriksaan laktat tidak bisa dilakukan. Makan tapi diagnosis syok kardiogenik masih
bisa tetap ditegakkan dari hasil nilai lain yang positif mendukung ke arah syok kardiogenik
tersebut
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
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PEMBAHASAN-PENATALAKSANAAN
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REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
TERIMA KASIH
REFERAT DEPARTEMEN ANESTESIOLOGI
ILMU KEDOKTERAN
& TERAPI
FORENSIK
INTENSIF
REFERENSI
AHA (2019) “Heart Disease, Cardiogenic Shock,” Journal of the American Heart Association [Preprint]. doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.011991.
Asua (2017) “On the right side of the heart: medical and mechanical support of the failing right ventricle,” hal. 18:113–120.
Attana (2013) “Strong‐ion gap approach in patients with cardiogenic shock following ST ‐elevation myocardial infarction,” hal. 15:58–62.
Behuria (2017) “Emergency room evaluation of patients with cardiac complaints and new left bundle branch block: the utility of the Sgarbossa and modified Sgarbossa criteria.”
ECG Learning (2023) Right bundle branch block (RBBB): ECG, criteria, definitions, causes & treatment – ECG & ECHO. Tersedia pada: https://ecgwaves.com/topic/right-bundle-branch-block-rbbb-ecg-criteria-treatment/ (Diakses: 3 Mei 2023).
Eriksson (2000) “Bundle-branch block in a general male population: the study of men born 1913.”
Hochman (2003) “Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: expanding the paradigm.”
Laher (2017) “A review of hemodynamic monitoring techniques, methods and devices for the emergency physician,” hal. 35:1335–1347.
Lee (2018) “Multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST ‐segment elevation myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock,” J Am Coll Cardiol, hal. 71:844–856.
McCallister (2017) “Prognosis of myocardial infarctions involving more than 40% of the left ventricle after acute reperfusion therapy.”
Menon (2000) “The clinical profile of patients with suspected cardiogenic shock due to predominant left ventricular failure: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry.”
Ouweneel (2017) “Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support versus intra ‐aortic balloon pump in cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction.” doi:69:278–287.
PERKI (2015) Pedoman Tatalaksana Gagal Jantung. Pertama ed. Jakarta: INDONESIAN HEART ASSOCIATION.
Ponikowski (2016) “2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC),” Heart Failure Association, hal. 37:2129–2200.
Rotman (2000) “A clinical and follow-up study of right and left bundle branch block.”
Shah (2013) “Serum biomarkers in severe refractory cardiogenic shock,” hal. 1:200–206.
Sionis (2015) Clinical picture and risk prediction of short ‐term mortality in cardiogenic shock: clinical picture and outcome of cardiogenic shock . Diedit oleh C. study investigators and the G. Network. Eur J Heart Fail.
Stretch (2014) “National trends in the utilization of short ‐term mechanical circulatory support,” hal. 64:1407–1415.
Van (2017) Contemporary management of cardiogenic shock: a scientific statement. American Heart Association.
Zamora, M. dan Villena, J.A. (2019) “Contribution of impaired insulin signaling to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(11), hal. 1–16. doi:10.3390/ijms20112833.