ASAS KESELAMATAN

DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJA
 TRAINER’S PROFILE
• MOHD ZAKUAN BIN AHAMAD

• PEKERJAAN : KAUNSELOR &

TENAGA PENGAJAR PROGRAM
PENGURUSAN (ED & SIJIL)
• LULUSAN UTM (DIP) & UNI WALES
U.K (BBA)
•
 OBKJEKTIF
• Pengenalan
• Akta Keselamatan & kesihatan pekerja (1994)
• Keselamatan di pejabat
• Kemalangan di tempat kerja
• Safety Rules and Regulations in the shop and
factory
• Safety Rules and Regulations on the Job
• Personnel Safety Rules
• Safety in the Factory
• Care When Using Hand Tools
• Power Leads
• Personnel Safety
 PENGENALAN

• “Keselamatan & kesihatan pekerjaan

merupakan aktiviti pengurusan
sumber manusia yang penting
berperanan untuk memberi
perlindungan kepada pekerja daripada
kecederaan dan kemalangan semasa
menjalankan kerja.”
 DEFINISI

• KESELAMATAN = kebebasan dari

kemalangan dan kecederaan serta kawalan
kehilangan atau kerugian yang berpunca
daripada kemalangan.

• KESIHATAN = menitikberatkan interaksi

dengan kecederaan yang diakibatkan oleh
kemalangan yang berlaku di tempat kerja.
 Akta keselamatan dan kesihatan
pekerjaan 1994 (Akta 514) telah
dikuatkuasakan pada 25.2.1994 untuk
mewujudkan satu persekitaran tempat
kerja yang selamat dan sihat dengan :

• Memastikan keselamatan, kesihatan

dan kebajikan pekerjanya.

• Melindungi orang lain selain dari

pekerjanya di tempat kerja.
 Samb.
• Menggalak persekitaran pekerjaan
yang bersesuaian dengan keperluan
fisiologi dan psikologi mereka; dan

• Mewujudkan sistem pengurusan

keselamatan dan kesihatan di tempat
kerja.
 PIHAK YANG
BERTANGGUNGJAWAB
MENGUATKUASAKAN
AKTA OSHA 1994
• JABATAN KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN (DOSH)
KEMENTERIAN SUMBER MANUSIA
• CIDB
• NIOSH
 Siapa yang perlu
mematuhi
Adalah menjadi tanggungjawab
• Majikan
• Ketua pejabat / pengurus
• Pekerja – pekerja
Untuk memastikan keselamatan dan
kesihatan di tempat kerja adalah
terjamin dan terhindar dari
berlakunya kemalangan dan penyakit
pekerjaan.
 Pematuhan sebagai
majikan
Sebagai majikan hendaklah:-
• Menyediakan Polisi keselamatan dan
kesihatan di tempat kerja secara
bertulis (Safety and Health Policy)
sekiranya mempunyai 5 atau lebih
orang ditempat kerja
• Menubuhkan Jawatankuasa
keselamatan dan kesihatan sekiranya
mempunyai 40 atau lebih orang di
tempat kerja.
• Mengadakan maklumat, arahan,
latihan dan penyeliaan terhadap
pekerjanya:
• Mengadakan dan menyelenggara
tempat kerja dalam keadaan selamat
dan tanpa risiko kepada kesihatan:
• Memastikan bahawa pekerjanya dan
orang lain selamat dan sihat semasa
berada di tempat kerja: dan
• Melaporkan kemalangan kejadian
berbahaya, keracunan, pekerjaan dan
penyakit pekerjaan semasa bekerja.
 Pematuhan Sebagai
Pekerja
• Bertanggungjawab dan memberikan
perhatian semasa bekerja bagi
mengelakkan kecederaan bagi dirinya
dan orang lain semasa bekerja;
• Bekerjasama dengan majikan atau
orang lain dalam memberi kerjasama
kehendak perundangan.
• Menggunakan apa-apa yang disediakan
(seperti kelengkapan pelindung diri
atau peralatan keselamatan) demi
melindungi keselamatan dan kesihatan
mereka ; dan
• Mematuhi arahan atau kawalan
keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan
yang diperkenalkan oleh majikan atau
orang lain di tempat kerja.
 PERUNDANGAN DAN
GARISPANDUAN KKP
AKTA DAN PERATURAN
1. Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan
Pekerjaan 1994;
2. Peraturan KKP (Pernyataan Dasar
AM KKP Majikan (Pengecualian)
1995;
3. Peraturan KKP (Jawatankuasa
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan) 1996.
4. Peraturan KKP (Pemberitahuan
kemalangan, kejadian berbahaya,
keracunan Pekerjaan dan penyakit
pekerjaan) ;
5. Peraturan KKP (Penggunaan, dan
Standard Pendedahan Bahan Kimia
Berbahaya Kepada Kesihatan) 2000.

http//dosh.mohr.gov.my
 Tips Untuk Anda

1. Sebelum melakukan pekerjaan

pastikan :
 Maklumat, latihan mengenai
pekerjaan yang akan dibuat
disediakan.
 Gunakan peralatan yang berkeadaan
baik
 Lakukan kerja mengikut prosedur
selamat yang ditetapkan.
2. Kemalangan, keadaan merbahaya
yang wujud di tempat kerja
hendaklah dilaporkan kepada
majikan.
3. Jika terdapat sebarang kemusykilan
sila berhubung dengan pejabat JKKP
negeri yang berdekatan.
 Safety Education and Training

• Just as safety engineering is the most

effective way of preventing environmental
causes, safety education is the most
effective tool in the prevention of human
causes of accidents. Through adequate
safety instructions, personnel gain useful
knowledge and develop safe attitudes.
 Safety Education
• Most injuries occur to workers who
are new on the job and are poorly
trained. Therefore, the soundest
safety program begins with individual
job training.
• The new worker must be taught the
correct way to do his job before it
becomes necessary to correct bad
work habits or procedures.
Experienced workers assigned to
operate new equipment or work with
new processes must likewise undergo
further briefing and training.
 Safety Seminars and Promotion

• One of the most effective ways of

imparting safety consciousness
among employees are safety
seminars. Such seminars may be done
on a year-round basis by qualified
personnel within the firm or the
Ministry of Labor.
ASAS KESELAMATAN
DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJA
SEKIAN …TERIMA KASIH
 Safety Training
• The increased use of power-driven
machines and the employment of new
materials in industry which involve
technical hazard that has been
hitherto unheard of makes it
imperative to embark on a program to
train people and prepare them for
new technological development.
Selection of Safety Personnel

• Last but not the least, the Safety

Department must be staffed with
competent men, with capacity to
grow professionally on the job.
• A Safety Engineer must not only be a
technical man acquainted with every
phase of operation, and conversant on
a wide range of hazards, he must be
a teacher and a salesman. He should
be an outstanding man AND THEY
ARE NOT EASILY FOUND.
 Safety Education and Training
Program

• Responsibility for Safety and Health

should certainly rest with top
management, whose thinking
characteristically centers on
principles and policies. But if
responsibility stops at the policy
level, it could be of no benefit to the
employees.
• The responsibility for implementing
top management policy decisions must
be delegated to representatives of
the staff and line through a long
range program of safety education
and training.
Education and Training of
Safety Administrators
• Generally, education is taken to mean
learning to think and apply one’s mind
to new situations, whereas training in
the narrower sense is concerned with
the moulding of habits.
• Training nevertheless, can be used in
the broader sense to include
education. It is in this sense that
training is used by most safety
engineers. Training is needed in all
levels and several areas in business
and industry where safety is
importance.
 Standard Operating Procedures

• One way of promoting safety and

minimizing accidents in any
organization is the establishment of
safety standard operating
procedures. Moreover, these
standard procedures are criteria for
determining root causes of accidents
when they happen.
 Standard Operating
Procedures
•Office Safety
•Safety Rules and Regulations in the shop and factory
•Safety Rules and Regulations on the Job
•Personnel Safety Rules
•Safety in the Factory
•Care When Using Hand Tools
•Power Leads
•Personnel Safety
 Office Safety
1. Office furniture should be inspected
when received and burrs or corners
should be remove immediately.
2. Keep desk drawers closed to prevent
tripping over them.
3. Pull out from the power source the plug
of electric machine or equipment during
work break and after office hours.
 Office Safety (cont’)
4. Running in office is prohibited.
5. All electric office machines should be
provided with equipment grounding
before use.
6. Doors should not be pushed often abruptly
or slammed when closing. Don’t stand
within the path pf the door swing.
 Office Safety (cont’)
7. When carrying a stock materials be sure
to can see over when walking through the
office.
8. Employees shall not crowd or indulge in
horseplay's on stairs.
9. Do not congregate on stairs or landing and
do not stand outside doors at the head or
foot of stairways.
 Office Safety (cont’)
10. Scooting across the floor while sitting on
a chair is prohibited.
11. When a floor mounted telephone or
electrical outlet box is exposed after
moving furniture, mark the box with a
tripping sign.
12. Do not use spike or pointed rod for filling
or similar purpose.
 Office Safety (cont’)
13. Do not place pencils in any corner.
14. Put away in a safe place any pointed
or bladed instruments immediately
after use.
15. Do not leave the knife blade of the
paper cutter in the raised position.
 Office Safety (cont’)
16. Only authorized persons should operate
office machines and equipment.
17. Do not place lighted cigarette or cigar on
any place other than the ash tray.
18. Do not place match sticks or cigarettes
butts on the waste basket.
 Office Safety (cont’)
19. Tripping hazards such as defective
floors, rugs, floor mats, electric or
telephone cord should be reported
immediately.
20. Razor blades, thumbtacks, and
other sharp objects should be
carefully boxed.
 Office Safety (cont’)
21. Materials should be stored where heavy
traffic does not have to be crossed to
reach them and they should be stored
where they are not likely to fall on
anybody.
22. Inspect equipment and facilities
regularly and keep them in good condition.
 Office Safety (cont’)
23. Be sure you are physical conditions
and well-trained in the fundamentals.
24. Hang up coats and keep umbrellas
out of the way.
25. Report broken seats, desks, and
other damaged equipment.
 Office Safety (cont’)
26. Put away materials you are not
using.
27. Do not tip chair’s back.
28. Keep feet out of desk.
29. Keep office desks and cloak rooms
clear of obstacles.
 Office Safety (cont’)
30. Report all dangerous conditions.
31. Report any injuries of yourself or
others at once, whether or not they
seem serious.
 Safety Rules and Regulations
in the Shop and Factory
1. Organize shop and laboratory safety
procedure along the same lines as those
in industry.
2. Use the proper safety equipment and
wear the proper clothing.
3. Employees should learn how to handle
machinery and equipment before they
use them.
 Safety Rules and Regulations in
the Shop and Factory (cont’)
4. Inspect tools and equipment
regularly.
5. Be sure the equipment is in good
condition.
6. Report any accident or injuries to
the personnel in-charge.
 Safety Rules and Regulations
in the Shop and Factory (cont’)
7. Put any warning device if work is
dangerous.
8. Always have first aid equipment
handy and know how to use.
 Safety Rules and Regulations
on the Job
1. Wear safety equipment while
working in the laboratory or in the
shop.
2. Do not make any adjustment when
the machine is in motion.
3. Use gloves in handling heavy
materials.
 Safety Rules and Regulations
on the Job (cont’)
4. Learn the right way to use any
cutting tools before starting to work
with them, the right way is always
the safe way.
5. Never handle electric cords, wires,
or fixtures if your hand, feet or
shoes are damp.
 Safety Personnel Rules
♠ work clothing
♠ safety shoes
♠ safety hats/caps/helmets
♠ working gloves
♠ eye and face protection
♠ safety belts
Safety Personnel Rules (cont’)
♠ smoking
♠ open flames
♠ electrical heating device
♠ work permit
♠ entering confined areas
♠ hand jewelries
Safety Personnel Rules (cont’)
♠ driving factory vehicles
♠ vehicle entry permit
♠ improper use of gasoline
♠ safety signs and devices
♠ reporting unsafe conditions
♠ housekeeping
 Safety in the Factory
♣ dressing safety
♣ personal hygiene
♣ hair care
♣ using tools and equipment safely
 Care When Using Hand Tools
• Using machine safely
• Guards and safety devices
• Using electrical equipment safely
 Power Leads
• When connecting or disconnecting
power leads always make sure the
switch is “OFF”.
• Grasp the plug, not the cord.
• Jerking a plug out by the cord will
damage the end and may set up a
death trap for the next user.
 Personal Safety
Personal Responsibility. Common
cause of accidents are lack of
knowledge, inattention, and
thoughtlessness. By thinking and
practicing safety and the use of good
judgment in your work, ACCIDENT
CAN BE AVOIDED.
 Personal Safety (cont’)
Injuries and Sickness. Report and get first
aid treatment for injuries immediately no
matter how trivial they may appear.
Footing. Watch your step while walking
about the job to avoid tripping. Spills or
other slippery spots should be reported
and cleaned.
 Personal Safety (cont’)
Safe Clearance. Never walk or stand
under suspended loads. Stand well to
the side and in the clear.
Working Overhead. Never attempt to
work at elevations if your physical
condition is such that this work
makes you nervous or ill.
 Personal Safety (cont’)
Be Safe from Fire. Know the position
of fire escapes. And be able to reach
them in an emergency.
Know how to use the firefighting
equipment installed throughout your
workplace.