rangsang akupunktur
pendahuluan
Dalam mempelajari mekanisme kerja rangsang
akupunktur medik ini kita perlu mempelajari
mengenai :
titik akupunktur
Cell signaling
Alat rangsang dan metoda rangsang akupunktur
Efek rangsang
Patofisiologi dan diagnosis penyakit pasien
Hasil penelitian akupunktur
Titik akupunktur
kapasitas dan potensial listrik lebih tinggi
tahanan listrik lebih rendah
terdapat neurovascular hemolymphatic complex
terdapat jaringan persarafan yang lebih padat daripada
jaringan sekitarnya
Introduction to Pharmacology
Schematic image of acupuncture point
Signaling
Cell Signal Molecule Target cell
Stimulasi
acupoints
Ligand reseptor
(molekul
signaling)
efektor
Second messenger
Signal Reception and initiation of
transduction
Ligand
Second messenger
Hormone
Cytosolic receptor
Receptor-hormone
Nucleus complex
Altered transcription
of specific genes
.
NO
Introduction to Pharmacology
ACUPUNCTURE SIGNALING
Penghantaran nyeri secara Mechanical
neurofisiologik
Inflamasi/ kerusakan
jaringan Transduksi
Chemical
Pelepasan Mediator:
sitokin, neurokine dll.
Medula spinalis
kornu dorsalis
SSP Modulasi
Sensasi Nyeri
(sensomotorik korteks)
Pada saat jarum ditusukkan pada titik akupunktur:
NO
BRADYKININ
VIP CGRP
Blood Vessel
NO
Cytokine
Eicosanoid SP
Macrophage
NO
Histamine
Mast Cell
Bradykinin
Serotonin Primary Afferent Nociceptor
Fibrin
Platelet
Prostaglandin
Clot
K+
Fibroblast
CORTEX
ACUPUNCTURE MECHANISM
THALAM
US
HYPOTHALAM
HYPOTHALAM
US
US
PITUITARY
PITUITARY
ACTH
PAG
ACTH etc
etc ENDORFIN
ENDORFIN PAG
BLOOD
NRM- RF
CORTI
CORTI NRPG
HORMONES -CSF
BLOOD
SOL
SOL HORMONES -CSF
ANALGESIA R
MODIFY PAIN
SENSATION HOMEOSTASIS : ALT
IMMUNE IMMUNE SYST DLT
REACTION C.V. SYST DNIC
RESP SYST
TISSUE HEALING
SKIN
AFFERENTS
Substance SG
P
Substance
NEEDLE Serotonin
P
Histamin
Serotonin
Cytokine
Histamin
CGRP
AUTONOMIC
Cytokine
Endorphin
CGRP
MOTOR
Endorphin
Substance P
Cyclic GMP
Histamine
Cholinergics
Alpha-blockers
Phenoxybenzamine
Eserine
Reduce the acupuncture effect :
Corticosteroids
Opiates
GABA
Cyclic AMP
Antihistamine
Aminophylline
Diazepam
Anticholinergics
Beta-blockers
rangsang akupunktur segmental
Introduction to Pharmacology
Helen M. Buettner, David I. Schreiber, Helene M. Langevin. Acupuncture
tissue mechanisms. Science & Medicine: Volume 10 Number 2: Page 81
(April 2005)
Purnomo Soeharso. Transduksi Sinyal pada tingkat Sel. Kuliah PPDS
Akupunktur.
R.M. Clemmons. Functional Neuroanatomical Physiology Of
Acupuncture. University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Gainesville, FL 32610.
Sandberg M, Lindberg LG, Gerdle B. Peripheral effects of needle
stimulation (acupuncture) on skin and muscle blood flow in
fibromyalgia. Eur J Pain. 2004 Apr;8(2):163-71.
Skin needling for scars and wrinkles . Disitasi dari skinverse.com/wp-
content/skin-needling.gif 2009.
Surachai Unchern. Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction. Biochemical
Pharmacology 2001.
Tracy Litsey. Acupuncture vs. Cancer: Re-Engaging the Body's Immune
System. Acupuncture Today October, 2003, Vol. 04, Issue 10
Introduction to Pharmacology