RD
PAGD VI , Padang 30 Oktober – 2 Nopember 2018
What is foodborne illness?
It is caused by
“consuming contaminated foods or beverages”.
Jenis-jenisnya:
Infeksi
Intoksikasi
High risk food
Contaminated by
Foodsafe
pathogens breaks the
cain here
Warmth &
time-germs
multiply People eat
contaminate
d food Get sick
DIE
Pathogen;
No Sample;
21 Chemical;
54
13
Undetected,
64
Sumber : Badan
POM - 2005
Proses pemasakan yg tidak benar 27 %
Cross kontaminasi 19 %
Faktor lain 6%
Sakit perut Diare
Demam
Muntah
Dehidrasi
Anak Kecil dan Orang Tua
Bayi Wanita Hamil
b. Penderita infeksi :
Penderita saluran pernapasan : TBC, difteri, pertusis,
influenza, dahak, percikan darah
1. Pendinginan makanan yang tidak tepat
Ukuran sel bakteri dapat berkisar yang paling kecil 0.2 μm sampai
relative besar 750 μm
Persyaratan untuk pertumbuhan bakteri:
1. Kebutuhan jumlah nutrisi
2. Batas temperature
3. Kelembapan
4. Ketersediaan oksigen
Campilobacter .jejuni / coli Intestinal flora og mammals, fowl & Raw milk, poultry, beef liver, raw clams, Diarrhea, severe abdominal pain,
wild birds water fever, anorexia, malaise,
headache, vomiting.
Infection
Incubation 2 to 7 days (mean 3 to
5 days)
Clostridium botulinum Spores found in soil, fresh water, Canned low acid foods, smoked fish, Neurotoxin, GI Symptoms that
mud & animals cooked potatoes, meat loaf, stew left in may precede neurological
oven without heat overnight symptoms including, blurred
Intoxication
vision, loss of motor capabilities
respiratory paralysis. Fatalities
occur. Onset ranges between 2
hours – 8 days mean : 18 – 36
hours)
Micro Likely Examples of foods Characteristics of
organism Source involved illness
Listeria monocytogenes Soil, manure & silage Coleslaw, milk, cheese, Low grade fever, flu like
animal product illness, stillbirths, meningitis,
enchelopalitis, sepsis.
Infection
Fatalities occur. Incubation
3
– 21 days, maybe longer
Pathogenic Esherichia Coli Infected humans & other Soft cheese, rare Severe abdominal pain,
animals hamburger, water diarrhea, nausea, vomiting,
fever, chills, headache,
Infection
muscular pain, (bloody urine
– haemoragic strains).
Incubation 5 – 48 hours
(mean 10 – 24 hours). 8 –
44 hours (toxogenic strains)
or 8 – 24 (invasive strains)
Micro Likely Examples of foods Characteristics of illness
organism Source involved
Shigella sp From feces of infected Any contaminated food, Diarrhea with bloody stools,
humans frequently salads, water abdominal cramps & fever.
Intoxication Incubation 24 to 72 hours
Staph.aureus Hands & nasal passage Ham, meat & poultry Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
of people. Cos udders products, cream filled abdominal cramps & prostration.
Intoxication pastries, whipped butter, Symptoms may be severe.
cheese, dry milk, food Incubation 1 – 8 hours (mean 2 – 4
mixtures, high protein hours)
left over foods
Name of Illness Causatif Agent Food Usually Involved How Introduced Preventive or
into Food Corrective
Procedures
Arsenic, fluoride, lead Insecticides Any food accidentally Either during growing • Thoroughly wash all
poisoning Rodentcides contaminated period or fruits & vegetables
accidentally in when received
kitchen • Store insecticides &
pesticides away
from food
• Properly label
containers
• Follow use
instruction
• Use carefully
Copper poisoning Copper-food contact Acid fodds & Contact between Prevent acid foods or
surfaces carbonated liquids metal & acid food or carbonated liquids
carbonated from coming into
beverage contact with exposed
copper
Name of Illness Causatif Agent Food Usually How Introduced Preventive
Involved into Food or
Corrective
Procedures
Cadnium & Zinc Metal plating of Fruits juices, fruit Acid foods dissolve Discontinue use of
poisoning food containers gelatin, and other cadmium & zinc cadmium-plated
acid food stored in from containers in utensils as food
metal-plated which they are containers, prohibit
containers stored use of zinc-coated
utensils for
preparation, storage,
serving of acid fruits
& other foods or
beverage
Cyanide poisoning Silver polish Any foods Failure to wash and Discontinue use of
accidentally rinse polished cyanide-based silver
contaminate silverware polish or wash and
d thoroughly rinse silverware
thoroughly
Klasifikasi penyakit yang ditularkan
melalui makanan dan agen
penyebab
Sumber : Knechtges,PL (2012) Keamanan Pangan Teori & Praktek. EGC Penerbit
Buku
Kedokteran, Jakarta
Siklus Parasitisme dan Infeksi Penyakit yang
Ditularkan Melalui Makanan
Sumber : Knechtges,PL (2012) Keamanan Pangan Teori & Praktek. EGC Penerbit Buku
Kedokteran, Jakarta
:
Sumber : Knechtges,PL (2012) Keamanan Pangan Teori & Praktek. EGC Penerbit
Buku
Kedokteran, Jakarta
Penularan Sigelosis
Penularan Listeriosis melalui makanan
Menggunakan Toilet Memegang Hewan Bersin, pilek dan batuk