ASAS KESELAMATAN

DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJA
 TRAINER’S PROFILE
• MOHD ZAKUAN BIN AHAMAD

• PEKERJAAN : KAUNSELOR &

TENAGA PENGAJAR PROGRAM

PENGURUSAN (ED & SIJIL)

• LULUSAN UTM (DIP) & UNI WALES

U.K (BBA)
 OBKJEKTIF
• Pengenalan
• Akta Keselamatan & kesihatan pekerja (1994)
• Keselamatan di pejabat
• Kemalangan di tempat kerja
• Safety Rules and Regulations in the shop and
factory
• Safety Rules and Regulations on the Job
• Personnel Safety Rules
• Safety in the Factory
• Care When Using Hand Tools
• Power Leads
• Personnel Safety
 PENGENALAN

• “Keselamatan & kesihatan pekerjaan

merupakan aktiviti pengurusan
sumber manusia yang penting
berperanan untuk memberi
perlindungan kepada pekerja
daripada kecederaan dan
kemalangan semasa menjalankan
kerja.”
 DEFINISI

• KESELAMATAN = kebebasan dari

kemalangan dan kecederaan serta
kawalan kehilangan atau kerugian yang
berpunca daripada kemalangan.
•
• KESIHATAN = menitikberatkan interaksi
dengan kecederaan yang diakibatkan oleh
kemalangan yang berlaku di tempat kerja.
 Akta keselamatan dan kesihatan
pekerjaan 1994 (Akta 514) telah
dikuatkuasakan pada 25.2.1994 untuk
mewujudkan satu persekitaran tempat
kerja yang selamat dan sihat dengan :
• Memastikan keselamatan, kesihatan
dan kebajikan pekerjanya.


• Melindungi orang lain selain dari

pekerjanya di tempat kerja.

 Samb.
• Menggalak persekitaran pekerjaan
yang bersesuaian dengan keperluan
fisiologi dan psikologi mereka; dan
•
• Mewujudkan sistem pengurusan
keselamatan dan kesihatan di
tempat kerja.
 PIHAK YANG
BERTANGGUNGJAWAB
• MENGUATKUASAKAN
JABATAN KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN (DOSH)
AKTA OSHA 1994
KEMENTERIAN SUMBER
MANUSIA
• CIDB
• NIOSH
 Siapa yang perlu
mematuhi

Adalah menjadi tanggungjawab
• Majikan
• Ketua pejabat / pengurus
• Pekerja – pekerja

Untuk memastikan keselamatan dan
kesihatan di tempat kerja adalah
terjamin dan terhindar dari
berlakunya kemalangan dan penyakit
 Pematuhan sebagai
majikan

Sebagai majikan hendaklah:-
• Menyediakan Polisi keselamatan dan
kesihatan di tempat kerja secara
bertulis (Safety and Health Policy)
sekiranya mempunyai 5 atau lebih
orang ditempat kerja
• Menubuhkan Jawatankuasa
keselamatan dan kesihatan
sekiranya mempunyai 40 atau lebih
orang di tempat kerja.
• Mengadakan maklumat, arahan,
latihan dan penyeliaan terhadap
pekerjanya:
• Mengadakan dan menyelenggara
tempat kerja dalam keadaan
selamat dan tanpa risiko kepada
kesihatan:
• Memastikan bahawa pekerjanya dan
orang lain selamat dan sihat semasa
berada di tempat kerja: dan
• Melaporkan kemalangan kejadian
berbahaya, keracunan, pekerjaan
dan penyakit pekerjaan semasa
 Pematuhan Sebagai
Pekerja
• Bertanggungjawab dan memberikan
perhatian semasa bekerja bagi
mengelakkan kecederaan bagi
dirinya dan orang lain semasa
bekerja;
• Bekerjasama dengan majikan atau
orang lain dalam memberi
kerjasama kehendak perundangan.
• Menggunakan apa-apa yang disediakan
(seperti kelengkapan pelindung diri
atau peralatan keselamatan) demi
melindungi keselamatan dan
kesihatan mereka ; dan
• Mematuhi arahan atau kawalan
keselamatan dan kesihatan
pekerjaan yang diperkenalkan oleh
majikan atau orang lain di tempat
kerja.
 PERUNDANGAN DAN
GARISPANDUAN KKP

AKTA DAN PERATURAN
1. Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan
Pekerjaan 1994;
2.Peraturan KKP (Pernyataan Dasar AM
KKP Majikan (Pengecualian) 1995;
3.
3.Peraturan KKP (Jawatankuasa
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan) 1996.
4.Peraturan KKP (Pemberitahuan
kemalangan, kejadian berbahaya,
keracunan Pekerjaan dan penyakit
pekerjaan) ;
5.Peraturan KKP (Penggunaan, dan
Standard Pendedahan Bahan Kimia
Berbahaya Kepada Kesihatan)
2000.
•

http//dosh.mohr.gov.my
 Tips Untuk Anda

1. Sebelum melakukan pekerjaan

pastikan :
üMaklumat, latihan mengenai
pekerjaan yang akan dibuat
disediakan.
üGunakan peralatan yang berkeadaan
baik
üLakukan kerja mengikut prosedur
2.Kemalangan, keadaan merbahaya yang
wujud di tempat kerja hendaklah
dilaporkan kepada majikan.
3.Jika terdapat sebarang kemusykilan
sila berhubung dengan pejabat
JKKP negeri yang berdekatan.
 Safety Education and Training

• Just as safety engineering is the most

effective way of preventing
environmental causes, safety education
is the most effective tool in the
prevention of human causes of accidents.
Through adequate safety instructions,
personnel gain useful knowledge and
develop safe attitudes.
 Safety Education
• Most injuries occur to workers who
are new on the job and are poorly
trained. Therefore, the soundest
safety program begins with
individual job training.
• The new worker must be taught the
correct way to do his job before it
becomes necessary to correct bad
work habits or procedures.
Experienced workers assigned to
operate new equipment or work
with new processes must likewise
undergo further briefing and
training.
 Safety Seminars and Promotion

• One of the most effective ways of

imparting safety consciousness
among employees are safety
seminars. Such seminars may be
done on a year-round basis by
qualified personnel within the firm
or the Ministry of Labor.
ASAS KESELAMATAN
DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJA
SEKIAN …TERIMA KASIH
 Safety Training
• The increased use of power-driven
machines and the employment of
new materials in industry which
involve technical hazard that has
been hitherto unheard of makes it
imperative to embark on a program
to train people and prepare them
for new technological development.
 Selection of Safety Personnel

• Last but not the least, the Safety

Department must be staffed with
competent men, with capacity to
grow professionally on the job.

• A Safety Engineer must not only be a
technical man acquainted with
every phase of operation, and
conversant on a wide range of
hazards, he must be a teacher and
a salesman. He should be an
outstanding man AND THEY ARE
NOT EASILY FOUND.
Safety Education and Training Program

• Responsibility for Safety and Health

should certainly rest with top
management, whose thinking
characteristically centers on
principles and policies. But if
responsibility stops at the policy
level, it could be of no benefit to
the employees.
• The responsibility for implementing
top management policy decisions
must be delegated to
representatives of the staff and
line through a long range program
of safety education and training.
Education and Training of
Safety Administrators
• Generally, education is taken to mean
learning to think and apply one’s
mind to new situations, whereas
training in the narrower sense is
concerned with the moulding of
habits.
• Training nevertheless, can be used in
the broader sense to include
education. It is in this sense that
training is used by most safety
engineers. Training is needed in all
levels and several areas in business
and industry where safety is
importance.
 Standard Operating Procedures

• One way of promoting safety and

minimizing accidents in any
organization is the establishment
of safety standard operating
procedures. Moreover, these
standard procedures are criteria
for determining root causes of
accidents when they happen.
 Standard Operating
Procedures
• Office Safety
• Safety Rules and Regulations in the shop and
factory
• Safety Rules and Regulations on the Job
• Personnel Safety Rules
• Safety in the Factory
• Care When Using Hand Tools
• Power Leads
• Personnel Safety
 Office Safety
1. Office furniture should be inspected when
received and burrs or corners should
be remove immediately.
2. Keep desk drawers closed to prevent
tripping over them.
3. Pull out from the power source the plug of
electric machine or equipment during
work break and after office hours.
 Office Safety (cont’)

4. Running in office is prohibited.

5. All electric office machines should be
provided with equipment grounding
before use.

6. Doors should not be pushed often
abruptly or slammed when closing. Don’t
stand within the path pf the door swing.
 Office Safety (cont’)

7. When carrying a stock materials be sure
to can see over when walking through the
office.

8. Employees shall not crowd or indulge in
horseplay's on stairs.

9. Do not congregate on stairs or landing and
do not stand outside doors at the head or
foot of stairways.
 Office Safety (cont’)

10. Scooting across the floor while sitting on
a chair is prohibited.

11. When a floor mounted telephone or
electrical outlet box is exposed after
moving furniture, mark the box with a
tripping sign.

12. Do not use spike or pointed rod for filling
or similar purpose.
 Office Safety (cont’)

13. Do not place pencils in any corner.

14. Put away in a safe place any pointed
or bladed instruments immediately
after use.

15. Do not leave the knife blade of the
paper cutter in the raised position.

 Office Safety (cont’)

16. Only authorized persons should operate
office machines and equipment.

17. Do not place lighted cigarette or cigar on
any place other than the ash tray.

18. Do not place match sticks or cigarettes
butts on the waste basket.
 Office Safety (cont’)

19. Tripping hazards such as defective
floors, rugs, floor mats, electric or
telephone cord should be reported
immediately.

20. Razor blades, thumbtacks, and
other sharp objects should be
carefully boxed.
 Office Safety (cont’)

21. Materials should be stored where heavy
traffic does not have to be crossed to
reach them and they should be stored
where they are not likely to fall on
anybody.

22. Inspect equipment and facilities
regularly and keep them in good condition.
 Office Safety (cont’)

23. Be sure you are physical conditions
and well-trained in the fundamentals.

24. Hang up coats and keep umbrellas
out of the way.

25. Report broken seats, desks, and
other damaged equipment.

 Office Safety (cont’)

26. Put away materials you are not
using.

27. Do not tip chair’s back.

28. Keep feet out of desk.

29. Keep office desks and cloak rooms
clear of obstacles.
 Office Safety (cont’)

30. Report all dangerous conditions.

31. Report any injuries of yourself or
others at once, whether or not they
seem serious.
Safety Rules and Regulations in
the Shop and Factory
1. Organize shop and laboratory safety
procedure along the same lines as
those in industry.
2. Use the proper safety equipment and wear
the proper clothing.
3. Employees should learn how to handle
machinery and equipment before they
use them.
 Safety Rules and Regulations in
the Shop and Factory (cont’)

4. Inspect tools and equipment
regularly.

5. Be sure the equipment is in good
condition.

6. Report any accident or injuries to
the personnel in-charge.
Safety Rules and Regulations in
the Shop and Factory (cont’)

7. Put any warning device if work is
dangerous.

8. Always have first aid equipment
handy and know how to use.
 Safety Rules and Regulations
on the Job
1. Wear safety equipment while working
in the laboratory or in the shop.
2.Do not make any adjustment when
the machine is in motion.
3.Use gloves in handling heavy
materials.
 Safety Rules and Regulations
on the Job (cont’)

4. Learn the right way to use any
cutting tools before starting to work
with them, the right way is always
the safe way.

5. Never handle electric cords, wires,
or fixtures if your hand, feet or
shoes are damp.
 Safety Personnel Rules

♠ work clothing

♠ safety shoes

♠ safety hats/caps/helmets

♠ working gloves

♠ eye and face protection

♠ safety belts
 Safety Personnel Rules (cont’)

♠ smoking

♠ open flames

♠ electrical heating device

♠ work permit

♠ entering confined areas

♠ hand jewelries
 Safety Personnel Rules (cont’)

♠ driving factory vehicles

♠ vehicle entry permit

♠ improper use of gasoline

♠ safety signs and devices

♠ reporting unsafe conditions

♠ housekeeping

 Safety in the Factory

♣ dressing safety

♣ personal hygiene

♣ hair care

♣ using tools and equipment safely

 Care When Using Hand Tools
• Using machine safely
• Guards and safety devices
• Using electrical equipment safely
 Power Leads
• When connecting or disconnecting
power leads always make sure the
switch is “OFF”.
• Grasp the plug, not the cord.
• Jerking a plug out by the cord will
damage the end and may set up a
death trap for the next user.

 Personal Safety

Personal Responsibility. Common
cause of accidents are lack of
knowledge, inattention, and
thoughtlessness. By thinking and
practicing safety and the use of good
judgment in your work, ACCIDENT
CAN BE AVOIDED.
 Personal Safety (cont’)

Injuries and Sickness. Report and get first
aid treatment for injuries immediately no
matter how trivial they may appear.

Footing. Watch your step while walking
about the job to avoid tripping. Spills or
other slippery spots should be reported
and cleaned.
 Personal Safety (cont’)

Safe Clearance. Never walk or stand
under suspended loads. Stand well to
the side and in the clear.

Working Overhead. Never attempt to
work at elevations if your physical
condition is such that this work
makes you nervous or ill.
 Personal Safety (cont’)

Be Safe from Fire. Know the position
of fire escapes. And be able to reach
them in an emergency.

Know how to use the firefighting
equipment installed throughout your
workplace.