KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKTIF KRONIK

YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI BAGIAN PARU RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL PADANG

TAHUN 2014

Proposal Penelitian Skripsi

Diajukan ke Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

sebagai Pemenuhan Salah Satu Syarat untuk Mendapatkan
Gelar Sarjana Kedokteran

Oleh
ESHA ALMARA
No. BP 1110312155

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS
PADANG
2016
 PERSETUJUAN PROPOSAL OLEH PEBIMBING

Persetujuan ini telah disetujui oleh :

Pebimbing I Pebimbing II

Dr. Irvan Medison, Sp.P dr. Rahmatini M.Kes

Nip. 196704012005011002 Nip. 196702071997022001

Mengetahui
Wakil Dekan I
Fakultas Kedokteran Unand

Dr Rina Gustia Sp.KK

Nip. 1964191991032001
 DAFTAR ISI Halaman
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ ii
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ............................................................................. v
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ....................................................................... 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................... 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................... 4
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum ............................................................ 4
1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus ........................................................... 4
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................. 4
1.4.1 Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan ............................. 4
1.4.2 Institusi ....................................................................... 5
1.4.3 Masyarakat ................................................................. 5
BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1 Definisi PPOK ....................................................................... 6
2.2 Epidemiologi PPOK ................................................................ 6
2.3 Faktor Risiko PPOK................................................................ 8
2.4 Patologi PPOK ........................................................................ 12
2.5 Patogenesis PPOK................................................................... 14
2.6 Klasifikasi PPOK .................................................................... 15
2.7 Diagnosis PPOK ..................................................................... 16
2.7.1 Gejala Klinis PPOK ..................................................... 16
2.2.7 Pemeriksaan Penunjang ............................................... 19
2.8 Diagnosis Banding ................................................................... 20
2.9 Pencegahan PPOK ................................................................... 21
2.9.1 Pencegahan Primer ...................................................... 21
2.9.2 Pencegahan Sekunder .................................................. 22
2.9.3 Pencegahan Tersier ...................................................... 26
2.10 Komplikasi............................................................................... 27
2.11 Prognosis ................................................................................. 28
2.12 Eksaserbasi Pada PPOK .......................................................... 28
BAB 3. KERANGKA KONSEP
3.1 Kerangka konsep .................................................................... 30
BAB 4. METODE PENELITIAN
4.1 Jenis Penelitian ....................................................................... 31
4.2 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................. 31
4.3 Populasi dan Sampel ............................................................. 31
4.3.1 Populasi ..................................................................... 31
4.3.2 Sampel ....................................................................... 31
4.4 Variabel dan Definisi Operasional ......................................... 32
4.4.1 Tanggal Kunjugan ..................................................... 32
4.4.2 Umur ......................................................................... 33
4.4.3 Jenis Kelamin ............................................................ 33
4.4.4 Pekerjaan ................................................................... 33
4.4.5 Pendidikan ................................................................. 34
4.4.6 Riwayat Merokok ...................................................... 34
4.4.7 Derajat Merokok ....................................................... 35
4.4.8 Penyebab Eksaserbasi ............................................... 36
4.4.9 Gejala Klinis ............................................................. 36
4.4.10 Tipe Eksaserbasi ....................................................... 36
4.4.11 Komplikasi ................................................................ 37
4.4.12 Lama Rawatan Rata-rata ........................................... 37
4.5 Instrumen Penelitian .............................................................. 38
4.6 Metode Pengumpulan Data .................................................... 38
4.7 Pengolahan dan Analisis Data ................................................ 38
4.7.1 Pengolahan Data......................................................... 38
4.4.2 Analisis Data .............................................................. 39

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
 DAFTAR TABEL Halaman

Tabel 2.1 Derajat Obsruktif Paru ............................................................ 15

Tabel 2.2 Kombinasi Penilaian dari PPOK ............................................. 16

Tabel 2.3 Tanda dan Gejala Khas PPOK ................................................ 18

Tabel 2.4 Diagnosis Banding .................................................................. 20

 DAFTAR ISTILAH

AAT : Alfa-1 Antitripsin

APE : Arus Puncak Ekspirasi

BTA : Basil Tahan Asam

CARA : Chronic Aspecific Respiratory Affection

CAT : COPD Assessment Test

CD : Cluster of Differentiation

CFR : Case Fatality Rate

CNSLD : Chronic non Spesific Lung Disease

COA : Chronic Airflow Obstruction

COPD : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

CT scan : Computed Tomography Scan

EKG : Elektrokardiogram

ETS : Enviromental Tobacco Smoke

FVC : Force Vital Capacity

GOLD : Global Organization Lung Disease

MDI : Multiple-dose Inhalers

mMRC : Modifiet Medical Research Council

PDPI : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia

PPOK : Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik

Rikesdas : Riset kesehatan dasar

SPOT : Sindrom Obstruktif Pasca Tuberkulosis

VC : Vital Capacity

VEP1 : Volume Ekspirasi Paksa detik pertama

WHO : World Health Organization