JEA 8012 Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan

SMK Bandar Putra, Kulai Putra Terbilang

PROGRAM INTERVENSI FIZIK SPM BIL. 6/2016 : 1M1E (1 MINGGU 1 ESEI)

CHAPTER 4 ELECTRONICS
PAPER 2 SECTION C (20 MARKS)

1. Sebagai jurutera penyelidik di sebuah kilang, kamu dikehendaki mengkaji ciri-ciri

beberapa bahan untuk menghasilkan semikonduktor yang mempunyai kekonduksian
yang tinggi.
As a research engineer in a factory, you are asked to investigate the characteristics
of several substances in order to produce semiconductors with better conductivity.

a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan semikonduktor?

What is the meaning of semiconductor?

[1 mark]

b) Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan ikatan atom-atom silikon, setiapnya dengan empat

electron valens di petala luar.
Diagram 12.1 shows the bonding of silicon atoms, each with four valence electrons
in its outermost shell.

Rajah 12.1/ Diagram 12.1

Dengan menggunakan Rajah 12.1, terangkan bagaimana semikonduktor jenis-n

dihasilkan.
By using Diagram 12.1, explain how n–type semiconductor is produced.

[4 marks]

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 JEA 8012 Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan
SMK Bandar Putra, Kulai Putra Terbilang

c) Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan satu litar transistor. Perintang M adalah perintang boleh
ubah manakala perintang N adalah perintang tetap. Mentol T akan menyala apabila
beza keupayaan merentasi N adalah sekurang-kurangnya 1 V.
Diagram 12.2 shows a transistor circuit. Resistor M is a variable resistor and resistor
N is a fixed resistor. Bulb T will light up when the potential difference across N is at
least 1 V.

X
T
M

Y
6V

N1000

Diagram 12.2
Rajah 12.2

Apabila beza keupayaan antara Y dan Z adalah 1 V,

When the potential difference between Y and Z is 1 V,

(i) Berapakah beza keupayaan merentasi X dan Z?

What is the potential difference across X and Z?

[1 mark]
(ii) Berapakah beza keupayaan merentasi X dan Y?
What is the potential difference across X and Y?

[1 mark]

(iii) Hitungkan rintangan maksimum, M untuk membolehkan mentol T itu menyala.

Calculate the maximum resistance, M that enables the bulb T is light up.

[3 marks]

(d) Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan empat litar elektronik R, S, T dan U dengan spesifikasi
yang berbeza. Anda dikehendaki menentukan litar elektronik yang paling sesuai
untuk menyalakan ketiga-tiga lampu jalan 95 V, 65 W secara automatik dengan
kecerahan normal apabila keadaan gelap.
Diagram 12.3 shows four electronic circuits R, S, T and U with different
specifications.
You are required to determine the most suitable electronic circuit to light up
three street lights 95 V, 65 W automatically with normal brightness when it is
dark.

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 JEA 8012 Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan
SMK Bandar Putra, Kulai Putra Terbilang

Litar/
Circui Rajah Litar/Circuit diagrams
t

Relay
+
95 V
_

R 6V

6V
S

Relay +
95 V
_

6V
T

Relay
+
95 V
_

6V
U

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 JEA 8012 Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan
SMK Bandar Putra, Kulai Putra Terbilang

Diagram 12.3 / Rajah 12.3

Kaji semua spesifikasi tersebut berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut:

Study the specifications of all of the four circuits based on the following aspects:

‐ Kedudukan perintang peka cahaya (PPC).

The position of the light dependent resistor (LDR).

‐ Penyambungan bateri.
The connection of the batteries.

‐ Susunan litar lampu-lampu jalan

The arrangement of the street lights circuit.

‐ Penggunaan suis geganti dalam litar.

The use of a relay switch in the circuit.

Tentukan gambarajah litar yang paling sesuai dipilih dan berikan sebab bagi pilihan
anda.

Determine the most suitable circuit diagram to be chosen and give reasons for your
choice.

[10 marks]

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 JEA 8012 Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan
SMK Bandar Putra, Kulai Putra Terbilang

MARKING SCHEME
BAHAGIAN C

NO.4 ANSWER MARK

(a) Semiconductor is a material with electrical conductivity better than 1

insulator but weaker than a conductor
(b)  Doping process/Silicon is doped with pentavalent 1
atoms/Phosphorus/ Antimony 1
 To produce covalent bond 1
 Increase the free electron inside the semiconductor 1
 Majority charge-carriers is negative electron

Si Si Si Si
1

Max=4
Si P Si Si
(c)(i) V X-Z = 6 V 1
Free
(c)(ii) V X-Y = 6 – 1 = 5 V 1
(c)(iii) electron
R M Si
V M=
( R M +R N )
×6 VSi P Si

RM 1
5=
( R M +1000
×6 V
) 1
5RM+ 5 000 = 6RM
RM= 5 000 Ω
1
(d)
CHARACTERISTICS REASON
2. When intensity of Max= 10
light is low / dark,
1. LDR is connected at resistance of LDR
base circuit increases / so Vbase
is large / transistor
switched on
3. Terminal positive of 4. So that the
batteries is connected to transistor is forward
collector biased
6. All bulbs are
5. Bulbs are arranged in connected to
parallel circuit voltage supply of
95V
8. So that the
secondary circuit
will switch on // So
7. Relay switch is used that the
electromagnet will
switch on the
secondary circuit

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JEA 8012 Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan
SMK Bandar Putra, Kulai Putra Terbilang

1. R is chosen
2. Because.....1357//2468
TOTAL 20