Dewan Penguji,
Mengesahkan Mengetahui,
Dekan Fakultas Ketua Program Studi
ii
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN SIKAP DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA IBU TENTANG
PRAKTIK PEMBERIAN MP-ASI TERHADAP STATUS GIZI BAYI
12-23 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LANGSA
BARAT KOTA LANGSA
1
Mahasiswa Universitas Sains Cut Nyak Dhien Langsa-Aceh
2)3
Dosen Universitas Sains Cut Nyak Dhien Langsa-Aceh
ABSTRAK
iii
RELATIONSHIP ATTITUDE AND SOCIAL CULTURAL KNOWLEDGE OF
MOTHERS ON THE PRACTICE OF COMPOSITIONING FOR FEEDBACK
TONUTRITIONAL STATUS OF INFANTS 12-23 MONTHS
IN PUSKESMAS LANGSA BARAT
ABSTRACT
Background: The practice of giving MP-ASI is an important factor for meeting the
nutritional needs of children because starting at the age of 6 months there is a nutritional
imbalance between the amount needed and the energy and nutrients available from
breast milk, so it must be met from MP-ASI.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge of attitudes
and socio-cultural mothers about the practice of giving complementary feeding to
nutritional status in infants 12-23 months in the working area of the West Langsa Health
Center, Langsa City.
Methods: The design used in this study was quantitative with a cross sectional approach.
The number of research samples as many as 34 people using total sampling technique.
Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square (X2) test.
Results: There is a relationship between mother's knowledge about the practice of giving
complementary feeding to nutritional status in infants 12-23 months with p-value (0.000)
< (0.05), there is no relationship between mother's attitude about the practice of giving
complementary feeding to status Nutrition in infants 12-23 months with p-Value
(0.090)>α (0.05), there is a socio-cultural relationship between mothers regarding the
practice of giving complementary feeding to nutritional status in infants 12-23 months
with p-Value (0.004 )>α (0.05).
Conclusion: There is an influence of knowledge and socio-culture about the practice of
giving complementary feeding to the nutritional status of infants 12-23 months and there
is no effect on the attitude variable. It is expected to be more active in conducting
counseling and improving health in conducting counseling, especially to the surrounding
community who still do not know what is the cause of the occurrence of poor nutritional
status. In addition, officers and assisted by posyandu cadres should be able to increase
counseling about MP-ASI which can be given at the posyandu when the baby comes for
immunization and weighing so that it can improve the nutritional status of the baby.
.
Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Socio-Cultural, MP-ASI, Nutritional Status
iv
PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
SKRIPSI
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini adalah hasil karya sendiri ditulis
berdasarkan kode etik penulisan ilmiah yang berlaku. Sepanjang pengetahuan
saya tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh
orang lain, kecuali yang secaratertulis diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan
sumbernya.
v
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan syukur dipanjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas berkat
pemberian MP-ASI terhadap status Gizi bayi 12-23 bulan di Wilayah Kerja
Skripsi ini diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk melanjutkan skripsi di
Penyelesaian Skripsi ini tidak terlepas dari bantuan, bimbingan dan saran dari
berbagai pihak baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Maka pada
kesempatan ini penulis ingin mengucapkan ucapan terima kasih penulis kepada:
1. DR. Desi Sri Pasca Sari Sembiring.SP.,M.Si selaku Rektor Universitas Sains
3. Ns. Afrida Ristia, S.Kep, M.Kep selaku Ketua Prodi Keperawatan Program
4. Ns. Ngatwadi, S.Kep, M.Kep selaku Ketua Program Profesi Ners Fakultas
vi
7. Seluruh Staf dan Dewan Dosen di Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan telah meluangkan
8. Kepada Ayahanda dan Ibunda serta keluarga tercinta yang telah memberikan
datangnya kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun untuk kesempurnaan Skripsi
ini. Akhir kata, semoga Tuhan Yang Maha Esa membalas segala kebaikan semua
Penulis
vii
DAFTAR ISI
halaman
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ii
KATA PENGANTAR iii
DAFTAR ISI v
DAFTAR TABEL vi
DAFTAR GAMBARvii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1
1.1. Latar Belakang 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah 7
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian 7
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian 8
1.5. Batasan Masalah 9
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 10
2.1. Kajian Pustaka .......................................................................10
2.1.1. Status Gizi.....................................................................10
1. Penilaian Status Gizi......................................................11
2. Penilaian Antropometri..................................................12
3. Indeks Antropometri......................................................15
4. Penyebab Masalah Gizi..................................................16
2.1.2. Makanan Pendamping ASI............................................17
1. Tujuan Pemberian MP ASI............................................18
2. Alasan Pemberian MP ASI Terlalu Dini.........................18
3. Dampak Pemberian MP ASI Terlalu Dini.....................19
4. Imbauan Untuk Ibu........................................................19
5. Manfaat Pemberian MP ASI dengan Tahapan Umur....20
6. Maslah-Masalah dalam Pemberian MP ASI..................20
7. Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pemberian MP ASI Terlalu Dini
............................................................................................23
2.1.3. Pengetahuan..................................................................29
2.1.4. Sikap..............................................................................31
2.1.5. Sosial Budaya................................................................32
2.2. Penelitian yang Relevan.........................................................34
2.3. Definisi dan Kerangka Konsep...............................................35
2.4. Definisi Operasional dan Kerangka Pemikiran......................36
2.5. Hipotesa Penelitian.................................................................37
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN 38
3.1. Desain Penelitian ...................................................................38
3.2. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian..................................................38
3.3. Populasi dan Sampel .................................................................. 38
3.4. Teknik dan Instrumen Pengumpulan Data................................40
3.5. Teknik Analisa Data ................................................................... 44
3.6. Etika Penelitian............................................................................ 47
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN 48
4.1. Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian.......................................48
viii
4.2. Hasil Penelitian.......................................................................48
4.3. Pembahasan ................................................................................. 52
BAB V PENUTUP 60
5.1. Kesimpulan................................................................................... 60
5.2. Saran ............................................................................................ 61
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
16
36
43
43
44
44
x
.......................................................................................................
48
Tabel 4.2. Distribusi Frekuensi Sikap Responden di Wilayah Kerja
Puskesmas Langsa Barat Kota Langsa
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
49
Tabel 4.3. Distribusi Frekuensi Sosial Budaya Responden di Wilayah
Kerja Puskesmas Langsa Barat Kota Langsa
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
49
Tabel 4.4. Distribusi Frekuensi Status Gizi Anak di Wilayah Kerja
Puskesmas Langsa Barat Kota Langsa
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
50
Tabel 4.5. Hubungan Pengetahuan Sikap dan Sosial Budaya Ibu Tentang
Praktik Pemberian MP-ASI Terhadap Status Gizi Bayi 12-23
Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Langsa Barat
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
50
Tabel 4.6. Hubungan Sikap Ibu Tentang Praktik Pemberian MP-ASI
Terhadap Status Gizi Bayi 12-23 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja
Puskesmas Langsa Barat
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
51
Tabel 4.7. Hubungan Sosial Budaya Tentang Praktik Pemberian MP-ASI
Terhadap Status Gizi Bayi 12-23 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja
xi
Puskesmas Langsa Barat
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
52
xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran II : Kuisioner
xiv