KULIT
TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
TPU TPK
• Peserta mampu Peserta mampu:
memahami anatomi •memahami lapisan
dan fisiologi kulit kulit
•membedakan jenis
luka akut dan kronik.
•memahami tipe
penyembuhan luka
•memahami konsep
lembab
APAKAH LUKA?
LAPISAN – LAPISAN KULIT
ïEpidermis
ïDermis
ïHypodermis
1 2
KULIT
Luas = 2m2, berat = 16%BB
Tebal = 0.5 mm - > 5 mm
(rata-rata : 1 mm – 2 mm)
Epidermis : Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Basale
Dermis : Papiler
Retikuler
Hipodermis
EPIDERMIS
-Fungsi pelindung
-Epithel skuamosa
-Produksi Melanin
-P. darah (-), pH = 5-6,5
-Epidermis paling tebal di telapak tangan
dan kaki
DERMIS
• Terdiri atas jaringan ikat yang menyokong
epidermis dan menghubungkannya dengan jaringan
subkutis. Tebal berbeda-beda, paling tebal di
abdomen
• Terdiri dari 2 lapis :
1. Lapisan papiler, tipis dan mengandung jaringan
ikat longgar
2. Lapisan retikuler, tebal dan terdiri dari jaringan
ikat padat
Dermis
• LUKA AKUT
• LUKA KRONIK
TIPE PENYEMBUHAN
• PRIMARY
INTENTION
HEALING
• Secondary intention
healing
• Tertiary intention
healing
Schematic Diagram of the Phases of
Wound Healing
Cells of Wound Healing.
Inflammatory Stage
¢Tanda : kemerahan,
panas, nyeri dan bengkak
¢24 jam pertama saat terjadi
perlukaan, neutrophils,
¢Last approximately 4 to 5 monocytes and
days macrophages mengontrol
pertumbuhan bakteri dan
membuang jaringan mati (
¢Permulaan terjadinya mempersiapkan dasar luka )
proses penyembuhan luka
: aktifitas platelet untuk ¢Characteristic red color and
STOP perdarahan dan warmth is caused by the
triggers the immune capillary blood system
response increasing circulation &
laying foundation for
epithelial growth
Proliferation Stage
• Begins within 24 • Formation of new
hours of the initial capillaries that
injury and may generate and feed
continue for up to new tissue
21 days
¢Creates a support
matrix for the new
tissue that provides it
with its’ strength
¢Oxygen, iron, vitamin C,
zinc, magnesium &
protein are vital for
collagen synthesis
¢This stage is the actual
rebuilding and is
influenced by the
overall patient condition
Proliferation : Epitheliazation
¢Formation of an epithelial
layer that seals and
protects the wound from
bacteria and fluid loss
¢It is essential to have a
moist environment to
foster growth of this layer
¢It is a very fragile layer
that can be easily
destroyed with aggressive
wound irrigation or
cleansing of the involved
Maturation
} FINAL stage of wound
healing
} Begins around day 21 and
may continue for up to 2
years
} Collagen synthesis
continues with eventual
closure of the wound and
increase in tensile strength
} Tensile strength reaches
only about 80% of pre-
injury strength
5 hari pasca perlukaan
MOIST WOUND HEALING