BY:
SETIA TJAHYANTI
STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP
Vision
Vision
Mission
Mission
Strategy
Strategy
Architecturefor
Architecture foralignment
alignment
Andimplementation
And implementation
LEADERSHIP VISION
Vision
This is HAllmark
That the people of Hallmark are our company’s most as valuable resource.
That distinguished financial performance is a must, not as an end in it self,
But as a means to accomplish our broader mission.
RELATIONSHIP OF STRATEGY TO
STRUCTURE
Vision
Strategy of innovation, adaptability
Vision
1. The Uninvolved
Orang yang rendah dalam menetapkan visi
dan stimulasi tindakan, dan sebenarnya bukan
tipe pemimpin. Orang ini juga tidak terlibat
dalam proses strategical organisasi.
2. The Doer
Orang yang memiliki visi yang rendah dan
tindakan yang tinggi, orang ini merupakan tipe
pekerja keras.
3. The Dreamer
Orang yang memiliki visi yang tinggi,
tetapi malas dalam bertindak sehingga
visinya hanya sebgai mimpi. (action rendah)
BY:
SETIA TJAHYANTI
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Visible
Visible
1. Artifacts,
1. Artifacts,such
suchasas
Culturethat
thatcan
can dress,officelayout,
dress,office layout,
Culture
beseen
seenat
atthe
the symbols,slogans,
symbols, slogans,
be
surfacelevel
level ceremonies
ceremonies
surface
Invisible
Invisible
1. Expressed
1. Expressedvalues,
values,such
suchas
as
“ThePenney
PenneyIdea,”
Idea,”“The
“The Deepervalues
Deeper values
“The
HPWay”
Way” andshared
and shared
HP
2. Underlying
Underlyingassumptions
assumptions understandings
understandings
2.
anddeep
deepbeliefs,
beliefs,such
suchas
as heldby
held by
and
“peopleare
arelazy
lazyand
andcan’t
can’t organization
organization
“people
betrusted”
trusted” members
members
be
2 LEVEL BUDAYA ORGANISASI
1. Internal integration
• Dengan adanya budaya maka dapat mempersatukan
anggota-anggota dalam organisasi sehingga mereka
tahu bagaimana untuk saling berhubungan dan
bekerjasama satu dengan lainnya.
• Budaya membantu anggota organisasi untuk
mengembangkan suatu kebersamaan identitas
masing-masing anggota dan dengan budaya masing-
masing anggota tahu bagaimana mereka dapat
bekerjasama secara efisien dan efektif.
• Budaya dapat menjelaskan bagaimana masing-masing
anggota dapat berkomunikasi didalam organisasi.
2. External adaptation
EXPRESSED Leader sangat peduli terhadap Leader hanya peduli terhadap diri
VALUE pelanggan, pemegang saham dan sendiri atau kelompoknya
karyawan. Mereka sangat (pekerjaan, teknologi kelompok, dll)
menghargai manusia dan proses Mereka lebih menghargai proses
yang memberikan perbaikan yang mengurangiresiko dan teratur
daripada inisiatif yang inovatif
Visible Behavior : Leaders pay close attention to all Managers tend to behave
their constituencies,especially somewhat insularly, politically,
customers, and initiate change and bureaucratically. As a result,
when needed to serve their they do not change their
legitimate interest, even if it strategies quickly to adjust to or
entails taking some risks. take advantage of changes in
their business environments.
Expressed Values : Leaders care deeply about Managers care mainly about
customers, stockholders, and themselves, their immediate work
employees. They also strongly group, or some product (or
value people and processes that technology) associated with the
can create useful change (e.g., that work group. They value the
leadership initiatives up and down orderly and risk-reducing
the management). management process much more
highly than leadership initiatives.
Underlying Serve whole organization, trust Meet own needs, distrust others.
Assumption : others.
Shaping Culture
Flexibility
Flexibility
Clanculture
Clan culture Adaptabilityculture
culture
Values:: Cooperation
Cooperation Adaptability
Values Values:: Creativity
Values Creativity
Consideration
Consideration Experimentation
Agreement Experimentation
Agreement Risk
Risk
Fairness
Fairness Autonomy
Socialequality
equality Autonomy
Social Responsiveness
Responsiveness
Internal
Internal External
External
focus
focus focus
focus
Bureaucraticculture
Bureaucratic culture Achievementculture
Achievement culture
Values:: Economy
Values Economy Values:: Competitiveness
Values Competitiveness
Formality
Formality Perfectionism
Perfectionism
Rationality
Rationality Aggressiveness
Aggressiveness
Order
Order Diligence
Diligence
Obedience
Obedience Personalinitiative
Personal initiative
Stability
Stability
4 budaya perusahaan berdasarkan fleksibilitas
lingkungan & fokus strategis organisasi:
1. Adaptability Culture
Budaya yang ditandai dengan nilai-nilai yang
meningkatkan kemampuan organisasi
menginterpretasikan dan menyalurkan sinyal dari
lingkungan menjadi respon perilaku yang
baru.
2. Achievement Culture
Budaya yang ditandai dengan visi dan tujuan
organisasi yang jelas serta fokus leader pada
target.
3. Clan Culture
Budaya yang berfokus pada partisipasi
karyawan untuk memenuhi harapan
lingkungan eksternal
4. Bureaucratic Culture
Budaya yang berfokus secara internal dan
secara konsisten berorientasi pada
penciptaan lingkungan yang stabil.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA LINGKUNGAN DAN
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN TERHADAP
BUDAYA PERUSAHAAN
FOKUS
ADAPTASI BUDAYA PARTISIPATIF BUDAYA KONSISTEN
(Clan) (Bureaucratic)
INTERN
LABIL STABIL
KEADAAN LINGKUNGAN
• BUDAYA ADAPTASI (Adaptability Culture)
• Values-based Leadership
Hubungan leader dengan follower yang dilandasi
nilai yang kuat, diinternalisasi dan dibagikan
(disepakati) oleh keduanya serta didukung dan
dipraktekkan oleh leader.
Leader mempengaruhi nilai-nilai etis melalui:
• Personal ethics dari leader
Nilai dasar dari seorang pemimpin didapat dari
kepercayaan dan penghargaan dari karyawan dan tidak
hanya berdasarkan dari nilai-nilai tetap tetapi tetap pada
keberanian, penentuan dan pengorbanan diri yang emreka
tunjukan dalam menjunjung nilai-nilai tersebut.
BY:
SETIA TJAHYANTI
LEADERSHIP EVOLUTION
ENVIRONMENT
Stable Chaotic
Era 2 Era 3
Rational Management Team Leadership
• Behavior theories • Confusion
• Contingency theories • Empowerment
• Quality
Setting:
• Vertical hierarchy, Setting:
Micro bureaucracy
• Horizontal organization
• Five management functions
• Cross-functional teams
• Downsizing
Scope
Era 1 Era 4
Macro Great Man Leadership Facilitating Leadership
• Trait theories • Shared vision, alignment,
relationships
Setting: • Unlock personal qualities in
• Free-bureaucratic others
Organization Setting:
• Administrative principles • Learning organization
• Constant change, adaptation
THE EVOLUTION OF LEADERSHIP
Framework
Vertical
Vertical Horizontal
Horizontal
structure
structure structure
structure
Routine
Routine Rigid
Rigid Empowered
Empowered Adaptive
Adaptive
tasks
tasks culture
culture roles
roles culture
culture
Formal
Formal Competitive
Competitive Personal
Personal Linked
Linked
systems
systems strategy
strategy networks
networks strategy
strategy
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
BY:
SETIA TJAHYANTI
FORCES DRIVING THE NEED FOR MAJOR
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
Globalization, technological change, increased competition, changing
markets
Morethreats
More threats Moreopportunities
More opportunities
Moredomestic
More domesticcompetition
competition Biggermarkets
Bigger markets
Increasedspeed
Increased speed Fewerbarriers
Fewer barriers
Internationalcompetition
International competition Moreinternational
More internationalmarkets
markets
5.Empower
5. Empower
44. .Communicate
Communicate
employeesto toact
act
Thevision
The visionwidely
widely employees
onthe
on thevision
vision
3.Develop
3. Develop
6.Generate
6. Generate
aacompelling
compellingvision
vision
short-term-wins
andstrategy
strategy short-term-wins
and
7.Consolidate
7. Consolidate
2.From
2. Fromaapowerful
powerful
gains,create
gains, create
guidingcoalition
guiding coalition
greaterchange
greater change
8.Institutionalize
8. Institutionalize
1.Establish
1. Establish
changesininthe
changes the
aasense
senseofofurgency
urgency
organizationalculture
culture
organizational
TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
Leadership
Leadership
Technology Strategy
Strategy Product
Product
Technology
andStructure
and Structure andService
and Service
Peopleand
People andCulture
Culture
THE FOCUS OF CHANGE
Recognitionofof
Recognition
problem/opportunity
problem/opportunity
Evaluationand
and Information
Information
Evaluation gathering
implementation
implementation gathering
Insight
Insight Incubation
Incubation
APPROACHES TO CULTURE CHANGE
Information
Source : Organization Organization and environment
Distribution : Limited Widely shared