PD, MKes
Departemen penyakit Dalam
Program Studi Kedokteran
Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
Gejala yg ditemukan saat pasien ke dokter
Dicari latar belakang penyebabnya
Cause of Hypochromic
SI TIBC %Sat BMSI
Anemia
Iron Deficiency * * *
Thalassemias -N -N -N -N
Sideroblastic Anemias -N
Chronic disease
Gambaran klinik
Anemia berkembang lambat.
Gejala awal : Anemia Berat, kelemahan, palpitasi
kepala terasa ringan, sesak napas.
LABORATORIUM
• Aniso-poikilositosis, makrositik oval.
• Basophilic stippling, Howell-Jolly Bodies, Cabot rings.
• Eritrosit dengan inti megaloblastik.
• Retikulosit rendah.
• MCV : 100 - 150 fL.
• Leukopenia, trombositopenia ( sering )
• Hipersegmentasi neutrofil.
• Trombosit kecil.
• BMA : Hiperplasia eritroid dg perubahan megaloblastik
Sideroblast meningkat.
Serum Bilirubin, Serum Besi, Ferritin
Lactic Dehidrogenase
Muramidase (Lysozyme)
DIFERENSIAL DIAGNOSIS
TERAPI
Terapi Asam Folat oral.
Terapi Vit B 12 oral atau parenteral
AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
KLASIFIKASI
• PRIMER/SEKUNDER
• WARM / COLD/ MIXED REACTING
Classification of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
I.On basis of serologic characteristics of involved autoimmune process :
• .Warm autoantibody type – autoantibody maximally active at body temperature 37 0 C.
• .Cold autoantibody type – autoantibody active at temperatures below 37 0 C.
• .Mixed cold and warm autoantibodies.
II. On basis of presence or absence of underlying or significantly associated disorder :
• .Primary or idiopathic AHA.
• .Secondary AHA :
.Associated with lymphoproliferative disorders.
.Associated with the rheumatic disorders, particularly SLE.
.Associated with certain infections.
.Associated with certain nonlymphoid neoplasms, e.g. ovarian tumors.
.Associated with certain chronic inflammatory diseases, e.g. ucerative colitis.
.Associated with ingestion of certain drugs, e.g. -methyldopa.
ETIOLOGI DAN PATOGENESIS
GEJALA ANEMIA.
IKTERIK.
ONSET LAMBAT
Px UMUMNYA NORMAL, SPLENOMEGALI
PERTAMA KALI DAPAT TAMPIL PADA KEHAMILAN
LABORATORIUM
SPLENEKTOMI.
IMMUNOSUPRESIF :
Cyclophospamide : 60 mg / m2
Azathioprine : 80 mg / m2 / hari
PROGNOSIS
PRIMER : TIDAK DAPAT DIRAMALKAN
RELAPS / REMISI.
SURVIVAL 10 th 70%
ANEMIA, DVT, EMBOLI PARU
INFARK LIMPA
KEJADIAN KARDIOPULMONER