Correction of RRT/Renal
Metabolic acidosis Support
Morbidity/Mortality still
high
ICU goals
Provide organ support in the critically ill
Circulatory support
Ventilatory support
Renal support
Liver support
Nutritional support
Etc
Renal Replacement Therapy
CRRT can be modified at any time of the day and night to allow
adaptation to the rapidly changing hemodynamic situation of criticall
y ill patients.
Kelebihan cairan
Hypertensi berat
Hyperkalemia
Metabolic acidosis
Uremia
Efficient for
removing small mol
ecules but not large
molecules
Diffusion occurs
during hemodialysis
Hemodialysis
to waste
(to patient)
Convection is the
one-way movemen
t of solutes through
a semi-permeable
membrane with a
water flow. Someti
mes it is referred to
as solvent drag.
CONVECTION
Efficient for both larger
and smaller molecules
Pressure difference
between the blood and ul
trafiltrate causes plasma
water to be filtered acros
s. This causes solvent dr
ag for small and large m
olecules across the mem
brane leading to removal
from the blood. The ultra
filtrate containing the sol
ute should be replaced b
y substitution solutions
CONVECTION
Substitution solutions
must have near physiologi
cal levels of electrolytes a
nd buffer, and be sterile
Convection is a
hemofiltration principle
Hemofiltration
to waste Blood In
(from patient)
Repl.
Solution
Blood Out
(to patient)
Blood In
(from patient)
Fluid Volume
Reduction
Blood Out
High levels of
adsorption can c
ause certain filte
rs to clog and be
come ineffective
Membrane type
affects adsorptiv
e tendencies /eff
ectiveness
ADSORPTION
Adsorption may
also cause limited
removal of some s
olutes (e.g., 2 mi
croglobulins) from
the blood
Hemodiafiltration
to waste
Blood In
(from patient)
Dialysate
Solution Repl.
Solution
Blood Out
(to patient)
CVVH
CVVHD
CVVHDF
Continuous Renal Replacement
Therapies
SCUF
SPONTANEOUS
CAVH CAVHD
Blood Circulation
HEMOFILTRATION HEMODIALYSIS
CONVECTION DIFFUSION
CRRT / Blood Purification
SCUF
Slow Continuous UltraFiltration
(SCUF)
Removal of ultrafiltrate at low rates
without administration of a substitution
solution. The purpose is to prevent or
treat volume overload when waste
product removal or pH correction isnt
necessary.
Clinical indications
Fluid overload
TYPE OF CRRT
Slow Continuous Ultra Filtration ( SCUF )
CVVH
Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration
Continuous convective removal of waste
products (small and large molecules)
utilizing a substitution solution. pH is
affected with the buffer contained in the
substitution solution.
Clinical indications
Fluid overload
Congestive heart failure
Acute renal failure
Crush syndrome
Sepsis
CVVH : Continuous Veno-Venous
Hemofiltration
Access
Prinsip : Konveksi
Return
H
V
F
Replacement
H
F
1
2
H
F
1
2
Replacement
SCUF
Physician Order
CVVH
Physician Order
CVVHD
Physician Order
CVVHDF
PENYAMBUNGAN SIRKUIT KE PASIEN
Langkah tindakan :
Periksa jumlah trombosit, APTT /24 jam
Periksa ACT (activated clotting time) setiap 2 4
Jam
Gunakan heparinisasi dosis rendah.
Penanganan keperawatan
Monitor Ketidak seimbangan elektrolit
A. Observasi BP, CVP, PAP, HR, tiap jam
B. Periksa derajat oedema sebelum tindakan
C. Atur kecepatan filtrasi sesuai indikasi
D. Pantau cairan masuk & keluar setiap jam
In oral, c.infus, c.dialisa, c.pengganti
Out urine output,perdarahan,NGT,c.filtrasi
E. Periksa elektrolit tidak lebih dari 12 jam
F. Amati gejala gangguan elektrolit sep hipokalemi
(EKG, kelemahan otot)
Penanganan keperawatan
Monitor the venous acces
Monitor hypothermia