Definisi Kadar K+ dlm darah < 3.5 Kadar K + dlm darah > 5.5
mEq/L mEq/L
Penyebab ● Excess renal loss, ●Pseudohyperkalemia (red cell
- Mineralocorticoid excess hemolysisis,ditandai dengan
(primary leukositosis/trombositosis)
hypoaldosteronism/conn ● Ekskresi Kalium renal
syndrom dan Glukokortikoid- menurun,
remediable - gagal ginjal
hyperaldosteronism) - aktivitas mineralcorticoid
- Renin Excess (renovaskular menurun dan impaired Na+
hypertensi) Rearbsorbsi
- Barter Syndrom - AIDS
- Liddle Syndrom - Diuretik hemat kalium
- Diuresis (spironolacton, eplerenone,
-chronic metabolic alkalosis amiloride, triamterene),
- Antibiotic ( carbenicillin, - ACE inhibitor
gentamycin, amphotericin B) - NSAID
- Renal tubular acidosis - pentamidine, trimethropim
PERBEDAAN HIPOKALEMIA HIPERKALEMIA
Penyebab ● Gastrointestinal loss ● Reabsorbsi GI berlebih
(Vomiting, diarhea) (Gordon Syndrom,
● Perpindahanan ECF -> ICF Cyclosporine)
(alkalosis akut, hipokalemic ● Perpindahan
periodic paralysis, terapi intercomaprtement (Asidosis,
insulin, terapi B12, hipertonisity, rhabdomyelisis,
Thyrotoxicosis, Barium excessive exercise, periodic
ingestion) paralysis, succinilcolin)
● Intake yang tidak adekuat ● meningkatnya intake
potassium
PERBEDAAN HIPOKALEMIA HIPERKALEMIA
- disfungsi myocardial
PERBEDAAN HIPOKALEMIA HIPERKALEMIA