“
1. Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan definisi keratitis, xeroftalmia, kerato-
konjungtivitis sicca, edema kornea, dan keratokonus
2. Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan patofisiologi terjadinya keratitis,
xeroftalmia, kerato-konjungtivitis sicca, edema kornea, dan
keratokonus
3. Mahasiswa mampu mendiagnosis dan menyebutkan diagnosis
banding keratitis, xeroftalmia, kerato-konjungtivitis sicca, edema
kornea, dan keratokonus
4. Mahasiswa mampu menentukan terapi awal keratitis dan xeroftalmia
2
ANATOMI
5
DAMPAK PENYAKIT KORNEA
KERATITIS
Definisi
XEROFTALMIA Patofisiologi
KERATOKONJUNGTIVITIS SICCA
Diagnosis
Diferensial
KORNEA EDEMA
diagnosis
KERATOKONUS Penatalaksanaan
7
KERATITIS
8
DEFINISI
◉ Ulcerative Keratitis
■ Lokasi : central dan perifer ulkus kornea
■ Purulensi : Purulent dan non purulent
■ Hipopion
■ Kedalaman ulkus : superfisial, deep corneal ulcer,
ulkus kornea dengan impending perforans, ulkus
kornea perforans
Pele
Pele
pas
pas
an
an
radi
radi
kal
kal
beb
beb Stadium infiltrasi
as,
as,
enz
enz progresive
ym
ym
prot
prot
eolit
eolit
ik
ik ;;
men
men
yeb
yeb
abk
abk Stadium ulcerasi aktif
an
an
nek
nek
rosi
rosi
s
s
dan
dan
slou
slou
ghi
ghi
ng
ng
Stadium regresi
epit
epit
el,
el,
me
me
mbr
mbr
ana
ana
bow
bow
man
man
dan
dan Stadium sikatriks
stro
stro
ma.
ma.
◉ Gejala
○ Blepharospasme,lakrimasi, Photofobia
○ Mata merah
○ Sensasi benda asing
○ Penglihatan kabur
◉ Tanda
○ Pericornea injection / ciliary flush
○ Kemosis, folikel,
○ Infiltrat kornea
○ Sensitifitas kornea menurun
19
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019
PENATALAKSANAAN EKC
◉ Tanda :
○ Blepharospasme,lakrimasi, Photofobia
○ Mata merah, sensasi benda asing
○ Penglihatan kabur
◉ Gejala
○ Pericornea injection / ciliary flush
○ Sensitifitas kornea menurun
○ Lesi dendritik , lesi geografik
◉ Rujuk
◉ Terapi antiviral oral topikal
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019
26
Picture adopted from https://www.pinterest.com
PENATALAKSANAAN HERPES ZOOSTER
OFTALMIKA
Rujuk
Anti viral aral dan topikal
Faktor risiko
◉ Trauma vegetatif
◉ Pemakaian kontak lensa
◉ Pemakaian kortikosteroid topikal dan sistemik
Tanda :
○ Photophobia
○ Lacrimation Trias
○ Blepharospasme keratitis
○ Nyeri
○ Blurred vision
Gejala :
○ Mirip dengan ulkus bakteri
○ Infiltrat satelit
○ Hipopion
○ Sharply demarcated epithelial
defect
29
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019
PENATALAKSANAAN ULKUS KONEA
JAMUR
◉ Rujuk
◉ Anti jamur topikal
31
Frank.S.Hwang . Available at Mooren's Ulcer. Mooren's Ulcer https://eyewiki.aao.org/Mooren_Ulcer
PENATALAKSANAAN
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019
A.K Khurana. Comprehensive Ophthalmology, Fouth Edition, 433-436 33
XEROFTALMIA
34
DEFINISI
36
GAMBARAN KLINIS
XN (Night blindness)
X2 (Corneal xerosis)
◉ Perubahan paling awal pada
kornea adalah pungtat keratopati
dimualai dari kuadran inferonasal,
lalu hazziness dan/ atau granular
pebbly dryness.
◉ Kornea yang terlibat tampak lacks
lustre ( kurang berkilau)
◉ Dry eye
◉ Ulkus korneal
47
A.K Khurana. Comprehensive Ophthalmology, Fouth Edition, 433-436
KORNEA EDEMA
48
DEFINITION
◉ Penurunan visus
◉ Edema yang permanen yang bisa disertai epithelial vesicles dan bulla (bullous
keratopathy).
◉ Bisa disertai nyeri, photofobia, discomfort jika terjadi ruptur bulla.
1. Anamnesis
2. Pemeriksaan Oftalmologi
■ Visus
■ Tekanan Intraocular
■ Segmen anterior
Rujuk
53
KERATOKONJUNGTIVITIS SICCA /
DRY EYE
54
DEFINISI
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019 55
ETIOLOGI
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019 56
GEJALA KLINIS
Gejala
Sensasi panas atau terbakar
Rasa kering
Fotofobia
Penglihatan kabur
◉ Anamnesis
◉ Pemeriksaan oftalmologi :
■ Visus
■ Tear break up time < 10
detik
■ Tear meniskus < 1 mm
■ Schimer
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019
Picture adopted from http://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.4_Issue.4_April2014/14.pdf58
Picture adopted from : https://www.aao.org/image/schirmers-test-2,
PENATALAKSANAAN
◉ Artificial tears
◉ Higiene eyelid, kompres hangat, masase
External Eyelid Disease. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. 2018-2019
59
KERATOKONUS
60
DEFINISI
◉ Adalah kondisi ectatic kornea
non-inflamasi
◉ Biasanya bilateral,
bermanifestasi saat pubertas
Munson sign
• A.K Khurana. Comprehensive Ophthalmology, Fouth Edition, 433-436
KLASIFIKASI MORFOLOGI
◉ Rujuk
◉ Kontak lensa (rigid gas permiable)
◉ Penetrating keratoplasty
68