Djoko
Priyatno
COMPLEMENT
• Kompleks protein serum yang berperan
penting dalam proses lisis dan inflamasi
dari antibodi.
• Sistem komplemen terdiri dari sekitar 25
protein yang bekerja sama membantu, atau
“complement/melengkapi," aktivitas
antibodi dalam menghancurkan bakteri.
• Complement proteins, which cause blood vessels to become dilated
and then leaky, contribute to the redness, warmth, swelling, pain,
and loss of function that characterize an inflammatory response.
• Komplemen dalam darah berbentuk protein inaktif meliputi C1-C9,
faktor B, D dan P serta protein regulator.
• Fungsi utama Komplemen adalah menghancurkan zat-
The Complement Components
9
Complement Pathways
C1 to C9
Ikatan Komplemen membutuhkan
kation Kalsium dan Magnesium
Aktivasi selalu dimulai oleh
immunoglobulin.
a. 1 molekul IgM.
b. 2 molekul IgG.
Classic pathway
C1,C4,C2,C3,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9
ALTERNATIVE (PROPERDIN) PATHWAY
Proteins in the alternative pathway perform activities similar to
those in the classic pathway but are usually non-antibody
triggered.
Any one of a variety of substances can initiate complement
activation including:
bacterial polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides,
endotoxins,
cobra venom,
trypsin like enzymes,
and aggregates of IgA and IgG4 that do not activate C1.
C1, C4 and C2 do not participate.
Alternative pathway: C3,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9
Alternative
Pathway
Lectin Pathway
In humans, MBL and ficolin that are lectins form complexes with MASPs (MASP-1,MASP-2
and MASP-3) and sMAP. Note that MBL consists of several sizes of oligomers and that the
composition of MASPs and sMAP of each MBL oligomer has not been fully elucidated. Once
the complexes bind to carbohydrates on the surfaces of microbes, activated MASPs cleave
C4, C2 and C3.
Comparison of 3 Pathways
Regulation of Complement