Definisi kolestasis
pengurangan / hambatan aliran empedu & bahan-bahan yang harus
diekskresi hati ke usus yg mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar bilirubin
& penumpukan garam empedu.
Bi. konjugasi (Bi. direk ) > 2 mgr %
> 20% Bi total
Macam-macam pemahaman
kolestasis
klinikus
dll)
patologis :
: penurunan aliran
empedu dari kanalikuli duktus
usus
4
Patofisiologi kolestasis
Kolestasis menunjukan gangguan
pembentukan empedu dan ekskrisi
nya serta retensi kandungan empe
du dalam hati dan darah.
Penyebab
2.
fibrosis periportal
10
Figure 1. Some of the consequences of cholestasis. The major effects are bile
retention, liver injury, and reduced delivery of bile into the intestine.
These produce secondary effects, some of which amplify the
cholestasis.
CHOLESTASIS
Bile retention /
Reduction in bile
Regurgitation
Bile acid
Cholesterol
Bilirubin
Copper
Calcium loss
Progressive
billiary cirrhosis
Pruritus
Hepatotoxicity
Xanthomatosis
Jaundice
Hepatotoxicity
delivery to gut
Decreased
intralumenal bile salt
concentration
Portal Hypertension
Malnutrition
Growth
Fat soluble
vitamin deficiency
Malabsorption
Diarrhea
A - Night blindness
D Metabolic bone disease
K Hypoprothrombinemia
E Neuromuscular degeneration
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Diagnosis kolestasis
riwayat ikterus berlanjut> 3 minggu
tinja
: dempul / akholik,
Tinja
: 3 porsi ( pagi,siang & malam )
Urine
: kuning tua / gelap
darah :
DAT : 24 jam
Pencitraan :
empedu +/-
12
13
Tatalaksana kolestasis
Suportif
Kolestatik intrahepatik :
A.Konservatif :
1. medikamentosa : Preparat koleretik
: (fenobarbital, kolesteramin, kolestipol &
UDCA)
2. Lindungi sel hati dari zat toksik :
as.ursodeoksikolat
B.Terapi Nutrisi
1. Pemberian Dietetik : MCT
2. Pemberian vitamin yg larut dlm lemak
( ADEK )
15
Transplantasi Hati
16
Prognosis Kolestasis
Tergantung
beratnya komplikasi
akibat kolestasis kronik
17
Daftar Pustaka
1.Vaughan, VC. Nelson Textbook of
Pediatrics. WS Saunders
2.Walker A etc, Pediatrics Gastrointestinal
Disease 2nd 1991, Mosby
3.Wylllie R & Hyams. JS Pediatric
Gastroenterology Disease, 1st edition
1993, WB. Saunders.
4.Mowat AP, Liver disorders in childhood, 2nd
1987, Butterworth
5.Roy CC, Silverman A, Alagille D. Ed 1985,
Mosby.
6. Suchy FY .Liver Disease in Children.1 st
Ed. Mosby,1994.
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